Dale Rick, Kehoe Caitlin, Spivey Michael J
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2007 Jan;35(1):15-28. doi: 10.3758/bf03195938.
The time course of categorization was investigated in four experiments, which revealed graded competitive effects in a categorization task. Participants clicked one of two categories (e.g., mammal or fish) in response to atypical or typical exemplars (e.g., whale or cat) in the form of words (Experiments 1 and 2) or pictures (Experiments 3 and 4). Streaming x, y coordinates of mouse movement trajectories were recorded. Normalized mean trajectories revealed a graded competitive process: Atypical exemplars produced trajectories with greater curvature toward the competing category than did typical exemplars. The experiments contribute to recent examination of the time course of categorization and carry implications for theories of representation in cognitive science.
在四项实验中研究了分类的时间进程，这些实验揭示了分类任务中的分级竞争效应。参与者以单词（实验1和2）或图片（实验3和4）的形式，对非典型或典型范例（如鲸鱼或猫）做出反应，点击两个类别（如哺乳动物或鱼类）之一。记录鼠标移动轨迹的x、y坐标流。归一化平均轨迹显示了一个分级竞争过程：与典型范例相比，非典型范例产生的轨迹向竞争类别弯曲的程度更大。这些实验有助于近期对分类时间进程的研究，并对认知科学中的表征理论具有启示意义。
