Galbraith Niall, Manktelow Ken, Morris Neil
Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2008 Feb;99(Pt 1):29-44. doi: 10.1348/000712607X204317.
Previous studies (e.g. Moller & Husby, 2000; Blackwood et al., 2004) have revealed that delusional thinking is accompanied by an exaggerated focus upon the self and upon stimuli that are perceived to be related to the self. The objective was to examine whether those high in subclinical delusional ideation exhibit a heightened tendency for self-reference. Using a mixed design, healthy individuals, classified into high- and low-scoring groups on the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (Peters, Day, & Garety, 1996), were compared on everyday reasoning tasks across three experiments. High-PDI scorers, in contrast to the low-PDI group, rated self-referent objections to everyday arguments as stronger than other-referent objections and formulated more self-referent assertion-based objections to everyday arguments. The findings support the notion that subclinical delusional ideation is linked to a self-reference bias, which is evident in the sort of everyday thinking that people engage in when forming or evaluating their beliefs and which may contribute to delusion formation.
先前的研究（如莫勒和胡斯比，2000年；布莱克伍德等人，2004年）表明，妄想思维伴随着对自我以及被认为与自我相关的刺激的过度关注。目的是检验那些具有亚临床妄想观念的人是否表现出更强的自我参照倾向。采用混合设计，将健康个体根据彼得斯等人的妄想量表（彼得斯、戴和加雷蒂，1996年）分为高分和低分两组，在三个实验中的日常推理任务上进行比较。与低分组相比，高分组认为对日常论点的自我参照性反对比他人参照性反对更强，并且对日常论点提出了更多基于自我参照性断言的反对。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即亚临床妄想观念与自我参照偏差有关，这种偏差在人们形成或评估信念时所进行的日常思维中很明显，并且可能导致妄想的形成。
