Huang C L H, Sun L, Moonga B S, Zaidi M
Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2006 Sep 29;52(3):33-43.
Calcitonin is a thirty-two amino acid peptide that contains an N-terminal disulphide bridge and a C-terminal prolineamide residue. It is released from thyroid parafollicular C-cells and its direct actions on the osteoclast account for its physiological effects whether as a hypocalcaemic agent and a potent inhibitor of bone resorption. These effects likely reflect actions upon a number of specific osteoclast cell surface receptors that initiate intracellular signaling events through both cyclic AMP and calcium mediated second messenger pathways. Studies of its potent anti-resorptive effects have significant translational implications in the management of Paget's bone disease, osteoporosis, and hypercalcaemia. This chapter summarizes major concepts in the synthesis and structure of calcitonin and then proceeds to outline its cellular, molecular actions and therapeutic applications, whilst seeking to provide a reference source. More detailed accounts have been given on different aspects of calcitonin physiology and biochemistry in a number of recent reviews by ourselves and others (155,157, Zaidi et al., 1994; 2002).
降钙素是一种由32个氨基酸组成的肽，含有一个N端二硫键和一个C端脯氨酰胺残基。它由甲状腺滤泡旁C细胞释放，无论作为一种降血钙药物还是一种强效的骨吸收抑制剂，其对破骨细胞的直接作用都决定了它的生理效应。这些效应可能反映了它对一些特定破骨细胞表面受体的作用，这些受体通过环磷酸腺苷和钙介导的第二信使途径启动细胞内信号事件。对其强效抗吸收作用的研究在佩吉特骨病、骨质疏松症和高钙血症的治疗中具有重要的转化意义。本章总结了降钙素合成和结构的主要概念，然后概述了其细胞和分子作用以及治疗应用，旨在提供一个参考来源。我们自己和其他人最近的一些综述（155,157，Zaidi等人，1994年；2002年）对降钙素生理学和生物化学的不同方面进行了更详细的阐述。
