Kulminski Alexander M, Ukraintseva Svetlana V, Akushevich Igor V, Arbeev Konstantin G, Yashin Anatoli I
Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University Population Research Institute, and Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007 Jun;55(6):935-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01155.x.
To describe the accumulation of aging-associated health disorders using a cumulative measure known as a frailty index (FI) and to evaluate its ability to differentiate long- and short-life phenotypes as well as the FI's connection to aging-associated processes in older people.
Retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
The National Long-Term Care Survey (NLTCS) data that assessed health and functioning of U.S. older individuals (> or =65) in 1982, 1984, 1989, 1994, and 1999 were analyzed. The NLTCS sample in each survey represents a mixture of longitudinal and cross-sectional components.
Approximately 5,000 individuals in each survey.
A cumulative index of health and well-being deficiencies (disabilities, signs, diseases) was calculated as a count of deficits observed in an individual divided by the total number of all considered deficits.
Men and women who died before the age of 75 and those who died after the age of 85 exhibited remarkably similar FI frequency patterns despite the 10-year age difference between age profiles in these samples. Long life is consistently characterized in longitudinal analyses by lower FIs. FI dynamics are found to be strongly sex sensitive.
The FI appears to be a sensitive age-independent indicator of sex-specific physiological decline in aging individuals and a sex-specific discriminator of survival chances. The FI is a promising characteristic suitable for improving sex-sensitive forecasts of risks of adverse health outcomes in older people.
使用一种称为衰弱指数（FI）的累积测量方法来描述与衰老相关的健康障碍的累积情况，并评估其区分长寿命和短寿命表型的能力以及FI与老年人衰老相关过程的联系。
回顾性横断面和纵向研究。
分析了1982年、1984年、1989年、1994年和1999年评估美国老年人（≥65岁）健康和功能的国家长期护理调查（NLTCS）数据。每次调查中的NLTCS样本代表纵向和横断面成分的混合。
每次调查约5000人。
计算健康和幸福缺陷（残疾、体征、疾病）的累积指数，即个体中观察到的缺陷数除以所有考虑的缺陷总数。
尽管这些样本的年龄分布相差10岁，但75岁前死亡的男性和女性与85岁后死亡的男性和女性表现出非常相似的FI频率模式。在纵向分析中，长寿命的特征始终是较低的FI。发现FI动态对性别非常敏感。
FI似乎是衰老个体中性别特异性生理衰退的一个敏感的年龄独立指标，也是生存机会的性别特异性区分指标。FI是一个有前景的特征，适用于改进对老年人不良健康结果风险的性别敏感预测。
