Levintova Marya
Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2007 Sep-Oct;42(5):500-5. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agm040. Epub 2007 May 30.
This paper examines implementation of the 2005 federal alcohol control law in the Russian Federation.
The documents on the Russian Federation federal legislation on the control of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol containing products, news reports, research, and historical documents were gathered and analysed for implementation barriers.
Consumption of alcoholic beverages, especially spirits, has been one the most significant public health problems in Russia for many centuries. Prior attempts to control alcohol consumption have been unsuccessful, in part due to the government's reliance on alcohol revenue, and its inability to implement creative and manageable solutions in the light of the high drinking rates. Implementation of this legislation has been a challenge in Russia because of administrative oversight, lack of organizational preparation, and corruption.
The law discussed in this paper presented a window of opportunity to ameliorate the deteriorating health status and reverse the impending mortality crisis. However, a number of barriers presented substantial setbacks toward realization of this legislation.
本文考察了俄罗斯联邦2005年联邦酒精控制法的实施情况。
收集并分析了俄罗斯联邦关于乙醇及含乙醇产品生产和流通控制的联邦立法文件、新闻报道、研究报告及历史文献，以找出实施障碍。
几个世纪以来，酒精饮料尤其是烈性酒的消费一直是俄罗斯最严重的公共卫生问题之一。此前控制酒精消费的尝试均未成功，部分原因在于政府依赖酒精税收，且鉴于高饮酒率而无法实施有创造性且可管理的解决方案。由于行政监督不力、缺乏组织准备以及腐败问题，该立法在俄罗斯的实施面临挑战。
本文所讨论的法律为改善不断恶化的健康状况和扭转即将到来的死亡危机提供了一个契机。然而，一些障碍给该立法的实施带来了重大挫折。
