长期压力和APOE基因对老年人记忆力和皮质醇的影响。
The effects of prolonged stress and APOE genotype on memory and cortisol in older adults.
作者信息
Peavy Guerry M, Lange Kelly L, Salmon David P, Patterson Thomas L, Goldman Sherry, Gamst Anthony C, Mills Paul J, Khandrika Srikrishna, Galasko Douglas
机构信息
Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Sep 1;62(5):472-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.03.013. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
BACKGROUND
Chronic elevations in cortisol associated with prolonged stress have been associated with memory loss, as has the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE-epsilon4) genotype. Combined effects of stress and APOE status on memory and cortisol in humans have not been studied.
METHODS
A semistructured interview with standardized scoring was used to measure stress level and univariate analysis of variance to assess effects of stress and APOE-epsilon4 status on memory and salivary cortisol in 91 nondemented subjects (mean age 78.8 years).
RESULTS
Low-stress subjects performed better than high-stress subjects on delayed recall of stories (p = .04), word lists (p = .02), and visual designs (p = .04). APOE-epsilon4-negative subjects obtained better scores than epsilon4-positive subjects on immediate (p = < .01) and delayed (p < .01) recall of visual designs. Significant stress by APOE-epsilon4 interaction effects on memory (p = .03) and cortisol (p < .01) resulted from consistently worse memory and higher cortisol concentrations in the high stress, epsilon4-positive group.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings are consistent with a model in which prolonged exposure of older, nondemented individuals to stress in the presence of an epsilon4 allele leads to memory decline. Further studies will assess whether stress and APOE-epsilon4 interact to increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
背景
与长期压力相关的皮质醇长期升高与记忆丧失有关，载脂蛋白E基因（APOE-ε4）基因型也是如此。压力和APOE状态对人类记忆和皮质醇的综合影响尚未得到研究。
方法
采用标准化评分的半结构化访谈来测量压力水平，并采用单因素方差分析来评估压力和APOE-ε4状态对91名非痴呆受试者（平均年龄78.8岁）记忆和唾液皮质醇的影响。
结果
在故事延迟回忆（p = 0.04）、单词列表（p = 0.02）和视觉设计（p = 0.04）方面，低压力受试者的表现优于高压力受试者。在视觉设计的即时（p = <0.01）和延迟（p <0.01）回忆方面，APOE-ε4阴性受试者的得分高于ε4阳性受试者。高压力、ε4阳性组的记忆持续较差且皮质醇浓度较高，这导致了APOE-ε4对记忆（p = 0.03）和皮质醇（p <0.01）的显著交互作用。
结论
这些发现与一个模型一致，即在存在ε4等位基因的情况下，年长的非痴呆个体长期暴露于压力会导致记忆衰退。进一步的研究将评估压力和APOE-ε4是否相互作用以增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险。
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