Purkait Ruma, Singh Priyanka
Department of Anthropology, Saugor University, Saugor, MP, India.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(4):372-9. doi: 10.1007/s00266-006-0231-4.
To treat auricular deformities or to perform facial rejuvenation, a plastic surgeon requires normative data for auricular dimensions. The metric standards vary in various ethnic groups, and such data are especially scarce from in India. This study aimed to provide anthropometric information about the normal dimensions of the adult male auricle in central India.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken in central India with 415 males categorized in five age groups. Six linear dimensions including the length and width of the auricle, lobule, and concha and the heights of the auricular protrusion at the superaurale and tragal levels were measured. Auricular, lobular, and conchal indices were calculated. The inclination of the auricle relative to its vertical axis was measured. Descriptions of various auricle parts including its shape, preauricular area, form of the helical fold, lobular shape, size, and type of attachment to the cheek were recorded.
Almost all the linear measurements showed a steady increase in size with age. The dimensions of the lobule were dependent on its shape and attachment to the cheek. The mean lobular and auricular indices were found to decrease with increasing age, indicating more elongation than widening of the structures. On the average, bilateral asymmetry was observed in all measurements, although only auricular length, width, and conchal length in a few age groups were found to be statistically significant. The frequency distribution of forms of various auricular features is presented.
The human ear continues to grow throughout life. The lobule contributes the most to the overall elongation of the auricle. This study furnishes the first set of metric data of auricular dimensions for normal Indian males 18 to 70 years of age. In comparison with other ethnic groups, Indian males seem to have the smallest auricular and lobular lengths, although their respective widths are comparable with those of others.
为了治疗耳廓畸形或进行面部年轻化手术，整形外科医生需要耳廓尺寸的规范数据。不同种族的测量标准各不相同，而印度的此类数据尤为匮乏。本研究旨在提供印度中部成年男性正常耳廓尺寸的人体测量信息。
在印度中部进行了一项横断面研究，415名男性被分为五个年龄组。测量了六个线性尺寸，包括耳廓、耳垂、耳甲的长度和宽度，以及在耳轮上缘和 tragus 水平处耳廓突出的高度。计算了耳廓、耳垂和耳甲指数。测量了耳廓相对于其垂直轴的倾斜度。记录了耳廓各个部分的描述，包括其形状、耳前区域、螺旋褶的形式、耳垂的形状、大小以及与脸颊的附着类型。
几乎所有线性测量结果都显示尺寸随年龄稳步增加。耳垂的尺寸取决于其形状和与脸颊的附着情况。发现平均耳垂和耳廓指数随年龄增加而降低，表明这些结构的伸长多于变宽。平均而言，所有测量中均观察到双侧不对称，尽管仅在少数年龄组中耳廓长度、宽度和耳甲长度具有统计学意义。呈现了各种耳廓特征形式的频率分布。
人耳终生持续生长。耳垂对耳廓的整体伸长贡献最大。本研究提供了18至70岁正常印度男性耳廓尺寸的第一组测量数据。与其他种族相比，印度男性的耳廓和耳垂长度似乎最小，尽管它们各自的宽度与其他种族相当。
