Kinoshita Manabu, Hynynen Kullervo
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Aug 10;359(4):860-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.05.153. Epub 2007 May 30.
Ultrasound-induced intracellular drug delivery, sonoporation, is an appealing and promising technique for next generation drug delivery system. Many types of molecules, such as plasmid DNAs, siRNAs and peptides, have been demonstrated to be delivered into the cell by ultrasound with the aid of microbubbles both in vitro and in vivo. Although there are many reports on in vitro sonoporation, the efficiency of successful sonoporation and the viabilities of cells after the procedure documented in each report vary in a wide range, and the reasons for these differences are not fully understood. In this study, we have investigated how different experimental settings would affect sonoporation efficiency and cell viabilities after the procedure. Our results show that the fashion of cell culture (e.g. in suspension or in monolayer culture) and the presence of standing wave have a great impact on the overall results. These results indicate that in vitro sonoporation settings should be carefully evaluated in each experiment. The fact that standing wave is necessary to achieve high sonoporation efficiency may be a problematic issue for clinical application of sonoporation, as it may be difficult (although not impossible) to create standing wave in a human body.
超声诱导的细胞内药物递送，即声孔效应，是一种用于下一代药物递送系统的有吸引力且前景广阔的技术。多种类型的分子，如质粒DNA、小干扰RNA和肽，已被证明在体外和体内借助微泡通过超声被递送至细胞内。尽管有许多关于体外声孔效应的报道，但每份报告中记录的成功声孔效应的效率以及该过程后细胞的活力在很大范围内各不相同，且这些差异的原因尚未完全明确。在本研究中，我们研究了不同的实验设置如何影响声孔效应效率以及该过程后的细胞活力。我们的结果表明，细胞培养方式（如悬浮培养或单层培养）以及驻波的存在对总体结果有很大影响。这些结果表明，在每个实验中都应仔细评估体外声孔效应设置。驻波对于实现高声孔效应效率是必要的，这一事实对于声孔效应的临床应用可能是一个有问题的问题，因为在人体中可能难以（尽管并非不可能）产生驻波。
