Weyerer S, Dilling H
Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, FRG.
Sleep. 1991 Oct;14(5):392-8.
In the Upper Bavarian Field Study a total of 1,536 persons (15 yr of age and older) were interviewed by research psychiatrists. The prevalence of insomnia (last 7 days) identified with the aid of the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) was 28.5% (mild: 15.0%; moderate/severe: 13.5%). For both sexes sleep disorders increased with age. The female preponderance of insomnia was mainly associated with the middle and older age groups. In contrast to other psychiatric disorders, sleep disturbances were not associated with social class. Moderate/severe insomnia was strongly related to psychiatric diagnoses, the use of psychiatric in- and outpatient services and general hospitals. It also constituted a significant burden for the primary-care physicians, whereby the average annual consultation rate among mild (10.61) and moderate/severe insomniacs (12.87) was significantly higher compared to that for those without sleep disorders (5.25). A total of 33.7% of the insomniacs were treated with hypnotic and/or other psychotropic drugs during the week prior to the interview, whereby the drug consumption among moderate/severe insomniacs (48.5%) was significantly higher than that of mild insomniacs (20.4%).
在上巴伐利亚实地研究中，研究精神科医生共对1536人（15岁及以上）进行了访谈。借助临床访谈表（CIS）确定的失眠患病率（过去7天）为28.5%（轻度：15.0%；中度/重度：13.5%）。男女的睡眠障碍均随年龄增长而增加。失眠女性居多主要与中老年人群体有关。与其他精神障碍不同，睡眠障碍与社会阶层无关。中度/重度失眠与精神科诊断、精神科门诊和住院服务以及综合医院的使用密切相关。它也给初级保健医生带来了重大负担，轻度失眠者（10.61）和中度/重度失眠者（12.87）的年均咨询率显著高于无睡眠障碍者（5.25）。在访谈前一周，共有33.7%的失眠者接受了催眠药和/或其他精神药物治疗，其中中度/重度失眠者的药物使用率（48.5%）显著高于轻度失眠者（20.4%）。
