Mumghamba Elifuraha G S, Manji Karim P
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 65014, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
BMC Oral Health. 2007 Jun 26;7:8. doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-7-8.
The study examined the relationship between oral health status (periodontal disease and carious pulpal exposure (CPE)) and preterm low-birth-weight (PTLBW) infant deliveries among Tanzanian-African mothers at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Tanzania.
A retrospective case-control study was conducted, involving 373 postpartum mothers aged 14-44 years (PTLBW--150 cases) and at term normal-birth-weight (TNBW)--223 controls), using structured questionnaire and full-mouth examination for periodontal and dentition status.
The mean number of sites with gingival bleeding was higher in PTLBW than in TNBW (P = 0.026). No significant differences were observed for sites with plaque, calculus, teeth with decay, missing, filling (DMFT) between PTLBW and TNBW. Controlling for known risk factors in all post-partum (n = 373), and primiparaous (n = 206) mothers, no significant differences were found regarding periodontal disease diagnosis threshold (PDT) (four sites or more that had probing periodontal pocket depth 4+mm and gingival bleeding > or = 30% sites), and CPE between cases and controls. Significant risk factors for PTLBW among primi- and multiparous mothers together were age < or = 19 years (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 2.09, 95% Confidence interval (95% CI): 1.18-3.67, P = 0.011), hypertension (aOR = 2.44, (95% CI): 1.20-4.93, P = 0.013) and being un-married (aOR = 1.59, (95% CI): 1.00-2.53, P = 0.049). For primiparous mothers significant risk factors for PTLBW were age < or = 19 years (aOR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.13 - 3.81, P = 0.019), and being un-married (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.42-4.67, P = 0.002).
These clinical findings show no evidence for periodontal disease or carious pulpal exposure being significant risk factors in PTLBW infant delivery among Tanzanian-Africans mothers at MNH, except for young age, hypertension, and being unmarried. Further research incorporating periodontal pathogens is recommended.
本研究调查了坦桑尼亚姆希比利国家医院（MNH）的非洲裔坦桑尼亚母亲的口腔健康状况（牙周疾病和龋源性牙髓暴露（CPE））与早产低体重（PTLBW）婴儿分娩之间的关系。
进行了一项回顾性病例对照研究，纳入373名年龄在14 - 44岁的产后母亲（PTLBW组150例，足月正常体重（TNBW）组223例对照），采用结构化问卷并进行全口牙周和牙列状况检查。
PTLBW组牙龈出血部位的平均数量高于TNBW组（P = 0.026）。PTLBW组和TNBW组在菌斑、牙石、龋牙、缺失牙、补牙（DMFT）部位方面未观察到显著差异。在所有产后母亲（n = 373）和初产妇（n = 206）中，控制已知风险因素后，病例组和对照组在牙周疾病诊断阈值（PDT）（四个或更多部位探诊牙周袋深度≥4mm且牙龈出血部位≥30%）和CPE方面未发现显著差异。初产妇和经产妇中PTLBW的显著风险因素共同包括年龄≤19岁（调整后优势比（aOR）= 2.09，95%置信区间（95%CI）：1.18 - 3.67，P = 0.011）、高血压（aOR = 2.44，（95%CI）：1.20 - 4.93，P = 0.013）和未婚（aOR = 1.59，（95%CI）：1.00 - 2.53，P = 0.049）。对于初产妇，PTLBW的显著风险因素是年龄≤19岁（aOR = 2.07，95%CI：1.13 - 3.81，P = 0.019）和未婚（aOR = 2.58，95%CI：1.42 - 4.67，P = 0.002）。
这些临床研究结果表明，在MNH的非洲裔坦桑尼亚母亲中，除了年轻、高血压和未婚外，没有证据表明牙周疾病或龋源性牙髓暴露是PTLBW婴儿分娩的显著风险因素。建议纳入牙周病原体进行进一步研究。
