Konczak Jürgen, Timmann Dagmar
Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2007;31(8):1101-13. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.014. Epub 2007 May 16.
This review provides a developmental perspective on our current understanding of the role of the cerebellum for sensorimotor and cognitive function. A synopsis on the contribution of the cerebellum on motor control, learning and cognition based on experiments in human adults and animals is presented. This knowledge is contrasted to the relevant literature on children and adolescents. Special attention is given to findings derived from lesion studies and clinical reports that examined the effect of cerebellar damage during development. In general, it is established that children may show the same sensorimotor deficits as adults as a result of cerebellar damage, while the findings of cognitive dysfunction in children are less clear and remain controversial. Younger children do not necessarily recover better than older children or adolescents. The sparing of the deep cerebellar nuclei and the extent of adjuvant chemo- or radiation therapy are better predictors of later motor and cognitive function in children and adolescents.
本综述从发育角度阐述了我们目前对小脑在感觉运动和认知功能中作用的理解。文中概述了基于对成年人类和动物的实验，小脑在运动控制、学习和认知方面的作用。这些知识与关于儿童和青少年的相关文献形成对比。特别关注了来自病变研究和临床报告的结果，这些研究和报告考察了发育过程中小脑损伤的影响。总体而言，已确定儿童因小脑损伤可能表现出与成人相同的感觉运动缺陷，而儿童认知功能障碍的研究结果尚不明确且仍存在争议。年幼儿童不一定比年长儿童或青少年恢复得更好。小脑深部核团的保留情况以及辅助化疗或放疗的程度，能更好地预测儿童和青少年后期的运动和认知功能。
