Airhihenbuwa C O, Webster J DeWitt
Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, 304 East Health and Human Development, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
SAHARA J. 2004 May;1(1):4-13. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2004.9724822.
Culture plays a vital role in determining the level of health of the individual, the family and the community. This is particularly relevant in the context of Africa, where the values of extended family and community significantly influence the behaviour of the individual. The behaviour of the individual in relation to family and community is one major cultural factor that has implications for sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS prevention and control efforts. As the impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa remains unabated, a culture-centered approach to prevention, care and support is increasingly recognised as a critical strategy. In this article PEN-3, a model developed to centralise culture in health promotion interventions, is presented as a framework to be used in HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support in Africa. The three domains of the PEN-3 model incorporate specific constructs: relationships and expectations, cultural empowerment, and cultural identity. The cultural empowerment and relationships and expectations domains are 'assessment/appraisal' domains used for cultural assessment. Community identity is the 'application/transformation' domain that helps the public health practitioner assist the community to identify the point of entry of the intervention. In this paper the authors describe PEN-3 and then present examples of how the assessment/appraisal domains can be utilised to frame HIV/AIDS-related concerns in the context of Africa.
文化在决定个人、家庭和社区的健康水平方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这在非洲背景下尤为相关，在那里大家庭和社区的价值观显著影响着个人的行为。个人在家庭和社区方面的行为是一个主要的文化因素，对性行为以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病的预防和控制工作具有影响。由于艾滋病毒/艾滋病在非洲的影响仍未减弱，以文化为中心的预防、护理和支持方法越来越被视为一项关键战略。在本文中，PEN - 3作为一种在健康促进干预措施中突出文化核心地位而开发的模式，被作为一种可用于非洲艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防、护理和支持的框架呈现出来。PEN - 3模式的三个领域包含特定的构成要素：关系与期望、文化赋权和文化认同。文化赋权以及关系与期望领域是用于文化评估的“评估/评价”领域。社区认同是“应用/转变”领域，它帮助公共卫生从业者协助社区确定干预的切入点。在本文中，作者描述了PEN - 3，然后列举了在非洲背景下如何利用评估/评价领域来阐述与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关问题的实例。
