Feller Liviu, Wood Neil H, Lemmer Johan
Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, South Africa.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Oct;104(4):455-60. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.02.001. Epub 2007 Jun 29.
The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has resulted paradoxically in the worsening of clinical symptoms of previously subclinical infections, such as herpes zoster (HZ), herpes simplex, angular cheilitis, warts, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus retinitis, and others, as a result of substantial reconstitution of the host's immune responses. This phenomenon is referred to as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). It may affect up to 32% of HIV-seropositive subjects within a wide range of time after the initiation of HAART, but mainly after 8-12 weeks. Mucocutaneous HZ accounts for 7%-12% of the diseases associated with HIV infection that become worse again when the subject's immunity improves from the administration of HAART. It usually occurs after 4 weeks from the initiation of HAART, and under these circumstances the clinical symptoms and natural course of mucocutaneous HZ are similar to those in HIV-seropositive subjects who do not manifest IRIS.
在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的管理中使用高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART），矛盾的是，由于宿主免疫反应的大量重建，先前亚临床感染的临床症状反而恶化，如带状疱疹（HZ）、单纯疱疹、口角炎、疣、结核病、乙型和丙型肝炎、巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎等。这种现象被称为免疫重建炎症综合征（IRIS）。在开始HAART后的广泛时间段内，高达32%的HIV血清阳性受试者可能会受到影响，但主要是在8 - 12周后。皮肤黏膜HZ占因HAART使受试者免疫力提高而再次恶化的与HIV感染相关疾病的7% - 12%。它通常在开始HAART后4周出现，在这种情况下，皮肤黏膜HZ的临床症状和自然病程与未出现IRIS的HIV血清阳性受试者相似。
