Mercier J, Varray A, Ramonatxo M, Mercier B, Préfaut C
Service d'Exploration de la Fonction Respiratoire, Hôpital Aiguelongue, Montpellier, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1991;63(3-4):235-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00233854.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of growth on ventilation and breathing pattern during maximal exercise oxygen consumption (VO2max) and their relationships with anthropometric characteristics. Seventy six untrained schoolboys, aged 10.5-15.5 years, participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements made included body mass, height, armspan, lean body mass, and body surface area. During an incremental exercise test, maximal ventilation (VEmax), tidal volume (VTmax), breathing frequency (fmax), inspiratory and expiratory times (tImax and tEmax), total duration of respiratory cycle (tTOTmax), mean inspiratory flow (VT/tImax), and inspiration fraction (tI/tTOTmax) were measured at VO2max. A power function was calculated between anthropometric characteristics and ventilatory variables to determine the allometric constants. The results showed firstly, that VEmax, VTmax, tImax, tEmax, tTOTmax, and VT/tImax increased with age and anthropometric characteristics (P less than 0.001), fmax decreased (P less than 0.001), and tI/tTOTmax remained constant during growth; secondly that lean body mass explained the greatest percentage of variance of VEmax (62.1%), VTmax (76.8%), and VT/tImax (70.6%), while anthropometric characteristics explained a slight percentage of variance of fmax and timing; and thirdly that VEmax, VTmax, and VT/tImax normalized by lean body mass did not change significantly with age. We concluded that at VO2max there were marked changes in ventilation and breathing pattern with growth. The changes in VEmax, VTmax, and VT/tImax were strongly related to the changes in lean body mass.
本研究旨在探讨生长对最大运动耗氧量（VO2max）时通气和呼吸模式的影响，以及它们与人体测量学特征的关系。76名年龄在10.5至15.5岁之间的未受过训练的男学生参与了本研究。进行的人体测量包括体重、身高、臂展、瘦体重和体表面积。在递增运动试验中，在VO2max时测量最大通气量（VEmax）、潮气量（VTmax）、呼吸频率（fmax）、吸气和呼气时间（tImax和tEmax）、呼吸周期总时长（tTOTmax）、平均吸气流量（VT/tImax）和吸气分数（tI/tTOTmax）。计算人体测量学特征与通气变量之间的幂函数，以确定异速生长常数。结果显示，首先，VEmax、VTmax、tImax、tEmax、tTOTmax和VT/tImax随年龄和人体测量学特征增加（P小于0.001），fmax降低（P小于0.001），且tI/tTOTmax在生长过程中保持不变；其次，瘦体重解释了VEmax（62.1%）、VTmax（76.8%）和VT/tImax（70.6%）最大比例的方差，而人体测量学特征解释了fmax和时间方面的一小部分方差；第三，经瘦体重标准化后的VEmax、VTmax和VT/tImax并未随年龄显著变化。我们得出结论，在VO2max时，通气和呼吸模式随生长有显著变化。VEmax、VTmax和VT/tImax的变化与瘦体重的变化密切相关。
