Kuhnlein Harriet V, Receveur Olivier, Soueida Rula, Berti Peter R
Centre for Indigenous Peoples Nutrition and Environment (CINE), McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2008 Apr;11(4):349-60. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007000353. Epub 2007 Jul 5.
Information is needed on dietary adequacy of Arctic indigenous populations in Canada. Extensive work has been completed on composition of Arctic food and food use, and dietary reference intakes are available.
To complete the first comprehensive dietary adequacy assessment of three populations of adult Arctic indigenous people.
Dietary assessment interviews were conducted with randomly selected indigenous adults during two seasons in 44 representative communities of Yukon First Nations (n = 797), Dene/Métis, (n = 1007) and Inuit (n = 1525).
Twenty-four-hour recalls were used to derive adjusted distributions of usual nutrient intakes in four age/gender groups for assessment of dietary adequacy for carbohydrate, dietary fibre, protein, n-3 fatty acids, n-6 fatty acids, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, vitamin A, riboflavin, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E.
Nutrients with high prevalence of adequacy for most age/gender groups in all three cultures were protein, carbohydrate, n-3 fatty acids, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, riboflavin and vitamin B6; some individuals exceeded the upper intake level for iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A and vitamin D. Estimated average requirement nutrients of concern for adequacy were magnesium, folate, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E; however, a few age/gender groups were exceptions. Prevalence of inadequacy for AI nutrients which may be undesirably high were fibre, n-6 fatty acids and calcium. Vitamin D was more adequate in Inuit women and men than for Yukon First Nations or Dene/Métis.
Unique patterns of dietary adequacy exist among Arctic indigenous peoples. Local wildlife food sources and market food sources should be maximised for their nutrient contributions to Arctic diets.
需要了解加拿大北极地区原住民的饮食充足情况。关于北极食物的成分和食物利用情况已经开展了大量工作，并且有膳食参考摄入量数据。
对三类成年北极原住民人群进行首次全面的饮食充足性评估。
在育空第一民族（n = 797）、德内/梅蒂斯（n = 1007）和因纽特（n = 1525）的44个代表性社区，于两个季节对随机抽取的成年原住民进行了饮食评估访谈。
采用24小时回顾法得出四个年龄/性别组的日常营养素摄入量的调整分布，以评估碳水化合物、膳食纤维、蛋白质、n-3脂肪酸、n-6脂肪酸、钙、铜、铁、镁、锰、磷、硒、锌、维生素A、核黄素、叶酸、维生素B6、维生素C、维生素D和维生素E的饮食充足情况。
在所有三种文化中，大多数年龄/性别组充足率较高的营养素为蛋白质、碳水化合物、n-3脂肪酸、铁、铜、锌、锰、硒、核黄素和维生素B6；一些个体的铁、锌、硒、维生素A和维生素D摄入量超过了上限。令人担忧的充足性估计平均需求量营养素为镁、叶酸、维生素A、维生素C和维生素E；不过，有几个年龄/性别组为例外情况。可能过高的适宜摄入量（AI）营养素不足率较高的是膳食纤维、n-6脂肪酸和钙。因纽特女性和男性的维生素D充足程度高于育空第一民族或德内/梅蒂斯人群。
北极原住民人群存在独特的饮食充足模式。应最大限度地利用当地野生动物食物来源和市场食物来源，以增加其对北极饮食的营养贡献。
