Corbin William R, Morean Meghan E, Benedict Damon
Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Addict Behav. 2008 Jan;33(1):54-68. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.06.003. Epub 2007 Jun 9.
Expected and experienced negative consequences and expected positive consequences of alcohol use have been widely studied, while little attention has been given to experienced positive drinking consequences. Although existing studies suggest that positive consequences may be important [Park, C.L. (2004). Positive and negative consequences of alcohol consumption in college students. Addictive Behaviors, 29, 311-321.; Park, C.L. & Grant, C. (2005). Determinants of positive and negative consequences of alcohol consumption in college students: Alcohol use, gender, and psychological characteristics. Addictive Behaviors, 30, 755-765.], it is not clear if they are distinct from expected positive outcomes or uniquely associated with drinking behavior. The primary goal of the current study was to develop a measure that directly assessed specific, real life drinking consequences rather than relying on general past tense derivations ("I forgot my worries") of expectancy items. Such a measure is necessary to determine whether or not positive consequences are distinct from positive expectancies and to assess the unique contribution of positive drinking consequences to drinking behavior. Participants were 423 undergraduate students who completed an online survey; 277 drinkers (56.5% women) completed all data necessary for analyses. Principal components analysis of the Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire (PDCQ) identified a single-factor structure with good internal and split-half reliability. The PDCQ also demonstrated discriminant validity relative to a positive expectancy measure and incremental validity in relation to drinking behavior. Although additional studies with heavier drinking populations are needed, the PDCQ may ultimately serve as a valuable research and clinical assessment tool.
饮酒的预期负面后果、经历过的负面后果以及预期正面后果都已得到广泛研究，而经历过的正面饮酒后果却很少受到关注。尽管现有研究表明正面后果可能很重要[帕克，C.L.（2004年）。大学生饮酒的正面和负面后果。《成瘾行为》，29卷，第311 - 321页；帕克，C.L. & 格兰特，C.（2005年）。大学生饮酒正面和负面后果的决定因素：饮酒行为、性别和心理特征。《成瘾行为》，30卷，第755 - 765页]，但尚不清楚它们是否与预期正面结果不同，或者是否与饮酒行为有独特关联。本研究的主要目标是开发一种直接评估具体现实生活中饮酒后果的测量方法，而不是依赖于预期项目的一般过去式表述（“我忘记了烦恼”）。这样一种测量方法对于确定正面后果是否与正面预期不同，以及评估正面饮酒后果对饮酒行为的独特贡献是必要的。参与者为423名完成在线调查的本科生；277名饮酒者（56.5%为女性）完成了分析所需的所有数据。对正面饮酒后果问卷（PDCQ）进行主成分分析，确定了一个具有良好内部一致性和分半信度的单因素结构。PDCQ相对于正面预期测量方法还显示出区分效度，相对于饮酒行为显示出增量效度。尽管需要对饮酒量更大的人群进行更多研究，但PDCQ最终可能成为一种有价值的研究和临床评估工具。
