Boelter Eric W, Wacker David P, Call Nathan A, Ringdahl Joel E, Kopelman Todd, Gardner Andrew W
The University of Iowa, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2007 Summer;40(2):321-6. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2007.51-06.
The effects of manipulations of task variables on inaccurate responding and disruption were investigated with 3 children who engaged in noncompliance. With 2 children in an outpatient clinic, task directives were first manipulated to identify directives that guided accurate responding; then, additional dimensions of the task were manipulated to evaluate their influence on disruptive behavior. With a 3rd child, similar procedures were employed at school. Results showed one-step directives set the occasion for accurate responding and that other dimensions of the task (e.g., preference) functioned as motivating operations for negative reinforcement.
研究人员对3名表现出不服从行为的儿童进行了任务变量操作，以探究这些操作对不准确反应和干扰行为的影响。在门诊诊所中，研究人员首先对2名儿童进行任务指令操作，以确定能引导准确反应的指令；然后，对任务的其他维度进行操作，以评估其对破坏性行为的影响。对于第3名儿童，在学校采用了类似的程序。结果表明，一步指令为准确反应创造了条件，并且任务的其他维度（例如偏好）起到了负强化的动机作用。
