先行变量对门诊环境中幼儿破坏性行为和准确反应的影响。
Effects of antecedent variables on disruptive behavior and accurate responding in young children in outpatient settings.
作者信息
Boelter Eric W, Wacker David P, Call Nathan A, Ringdahl Joel E, Kopelman Todd, Gardner Andrew W
机构信息
The University of Iowa, USA.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 2007 Summer;40(2):321-6. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2007.51-06.
Abstract
The effects of manipulations of task variables on inaccurate responding and disruption were investigated with 3 children who engaged in noncompliance. With 2 children in an outpatient clinic, task directives were first manipulated to identify directives that guided accurate responding; then, additional dimensions of the task were manipulated to evaluate their influence on disruptive behavior. With a 3rd child, similar procedures were employed at school. Results showed one-step directives set the occasion for accurate responding and that other dimensions of the task (e.g., preference) functioned as motivating operations for negative reinforcement.
摘要
研究人员对3名表现出不服从行为的儿童进行了任务变量操作，以探究这些操作对不准确反应和干扰行为的影响。在门诊诊所中，研究人员首先对2名儿童进行任务指令操作，以确定能引导准确反应的指令；然后，对任务的其他维度进行操作，以评估其对破坏性行为的影响。对于第3名儿童，在学校采用了类似的程序。结果表明，一步指令为准确反应创造了条件，并且任务的其他维度（例如偏好）起到了负强化的动机作用。
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