Cohan Daniel S, Boylan James W, Marmur Amit, Khan Maudood N
Environmental Protection Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, 4244 International Parkway, Suite 120, Atlanta, GA 30354, USA.
Environ Manage. 2007 Oct;40(4):545-54. doi: 10.1007/s00267-006-0228-4. Epub 2007 Jul 18.
Air protection agencies in the United States increasingly confront non-attainment of air quality standards for multiple pollutants sharing interrelated emission origins. Traditional approaches to attainment planning face important limitations that are magnified in the multipollutant context. Recognizing those limitations, the Georgia Environmental Protection Division has adopted an integrated framework to address ozone, fine particulate matter, and regional haze in the state. Rather than applying atmospheric modeling merely as a final check of an overall strategy, photochemical sensitivity analysis is conducted upfront to compare the effectiveness of controlling various precursor emission species and source regions. Emerging software enables the modeling of health benefits and associated economic valuations resulting from air pollution control. Photochemical sensitivity and health benefits analyses, applied together with traditional cost and feasibility assessments, provide a more comprehensive characterization of the implications of various control options. The fuller characterization both informs the selection of control options and facilitates the communication of impacts to affected stakeholders and the public. Although the integrated framework represents a clear improvement over previous attainment-planning efforts, key remaining shortcomings are also discussed.
美国的空气保护机构日益面临多种污染物无法达到空气质量标准的问题，这些污染物有着相互关联的排放源。传统的达标规划方法存在重大局限性，在多污染物的背景下这些局限性被放大。认识到这些局限性后，佐治亚州环境保护部门采用了一个综合框架来应对该州的臭氧、细颗粒物和区域霾问题。不是仅仅将大气建模作为对整体战略的最终检验，而是预先进行光化学敏感性分析，以比较控制各种前体排放物种和源区的有效性。新兴软件能够对空气污染控制带来的健康效益和相关经济估值进行建模。光化学敏感性和健康效益分析，与传统的成本和可行性评估一起应用，能更全面地描述各种控制方案的影响。更全面的描述既为控制方案的选择提供依据，也便于向受影响的利益相关者和公众传达影响。尽管综合框架明显优于以往的达标规划工作，但也讨论了仍然存在的关键缺点。
