Ashton Toni, Marshall Mark Roger
Health Economics, Centre for Health Services Research and Policy, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Int J Health Care Finance Econ. 2007 Dec;7(4):233-52. doi: 10.1007/s10754-007-9023-x.
In New Zealand, patients receive treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within the tax-funded health system. All hospital and specialist outpatient services are free, while general practitioner consultations and pharmaceuticals prescribed outside of hospitals incur copayments. Total ESRD prevalence is 0.07%, half the U.S. rate, and the prevalence of home-based and self-care dialysis is the highest in the world. Medical staff are not subject to direct financial incentives that could affect treatment choice. Estimated total expenditure per ESRD patient is relatively low. Funding constraints encourage physicians and patients to consider the probable benefit of dialysis for a patient before treatment is prescribed.
在新西兰，患者在由税收资助的医疗体系中接受终末期肾病（ESRD）治疗。所有医院和专科门诊服务都是免费的，而全科医生会诊以及医院外开具的药品需自付费用。ESRD的总患病率为0.07%，是美国患病率的一半，居家和自我护理透析的患病率在世界上是最高的。医务人员不受可能影响治疗选择的直接经济激励措施的影响。估计每位ESRD患者的总支出相对较低。资金限制促使医生和患者在开出处方前考虑透析对患者可能带来的益处。
