Field Catherine J, Van Aerde John E, Robinson Lindsay E, Clandinin M Thomas
Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada.
Br J Nutr. 2008 Jan;99(1):91-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507791845. Epub 2007 Jul 19.
To determine the effect of feeding formula containing long-chain PUFA (LCP) on immune function, healthy term infants were randomised at age 2 weeks to either a standard term formula (Formula; n 14) or the same formula supplemented with the LCP 20 : 4n-6 and 22 : 6n-3 (Formula+LCP; n 16). Peripheral blood was collected at 2 and 6 weeks to measure immune cell response (the rate of [3H]thymidine uptake and cytokine production after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)). Compared with cells from infants receiving only human milk (HM), the rate of [3H]thymidine uptake in response to PHA, but not IL-2 production, was lower for Formula+LCP infants (P < 0.05). Compared with HM-fed infants, Formula-fed infants (but not Formula+LCP infants) produced more TNF-alpha (unstimulated) and had a fewer CD3+CD44+ cells before stimulation and fewer CD11c+ cells post-stimulation (P < 0.05). However, compared with Formula-fed infants, the Formula+LCP infants had an immune cell distribution (higher percentage CD3+CD44+ and CD4+CD28+ cells) and cytokine profile (lower production of TNF-alpha post-stimulation) that did not differ from HM infants. Additionally, it was found that feeding infants formula during the first 10 d of life influenced immune function. These infants had a higher percentage of CD3+, CD4+CD28+, and lower percentage of CD14+ cells and produced more TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma after PHA stimulation than HM-fed infants (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that early diet influences both the presence of specific cell types and function of infant blood immune cells. Since many diseases have a strong immunological component, these immune changes may be of physiological importance to the developing infant.
为确定喂养含长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCP）配方奶对免疫功能的影响，将健康足月儿在2周龄时随机分为两组，一组喂养标准足月儿配方奶（配方奶组；n = 14），另一组喂养添加了LCP 20:4n - 6和22:6n - 3的相同配方奶（配方奶 + LCP组；n = 16）。在2周和6周时采集外周血，检测免疫细胞反应（用植物血凝素（PHA）刺激后[³H]胸腺嘧啶核苷摄取率和细胞因子产生情况）。与仅接受母乳（HM）的婴儿的细胞相比，配方奶 + LCP组婴儿对PHA刺激的[³H]胸腺嘧啶核苷摄取率较低，但IL - 2产生情况并非如此（P < 0.05）。与母乳喂养的婴儿相比，配方奶喂养的婴儿（但配方奶 + LCP组婴儿并非如此）产生更多的TNF - α（未刺激时），刺激前CD3⁺CD44⁺细胞较少，刺激后CD11c⁺细胞较少（P < 0.05）。然而，与配方奶喂养的婴儿相比，配方奶 + LCP组婴儿的免疫细胞分布（CD3⁺CD44⁺和CD4⁺CD28⁺细胞百分比更高）和细胞因子谱（刺激后TNF - α产生较低）与母乳喂养婴儿无差异。此外，发现出生后前10天喂养婴儿配方奶会影响免疫功能。这些婴儿的CD3⁺、CD4⁺CD28⁺细胞百分比更高，CD14⁺细胞百分比更低，PHA刺激后产生更多的TNF - α和干扰素 - γ，与母乳喂养的婴儿相比差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，早期饮食会影响特定细胞类型的存在以及婴儿血液免疫细胞的功能。由于许多疾病都有很强的免疫成分，这些免疫变化可能对发育中的婴儿具有生理重要性。
