Carneiro Paula, Albuquerque Pedro, Fernandez Angel, Esteves Francisco
Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Departamento de Psicologia, Lisboa, Portugal.
Child Dev. 2007 Jul-Aug;78(4):1171-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01059.x.
Two experiments attempted to resolve previous contradictory findings concerning developmental trends in false memories within the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm by using an improved methodology--constructing age-appropriate associative lists. The research also extended the DRM paradigm to preschoolers. Experiment 1 (N=320) included children in three age groups (preschoolers of 3-4 years, second-graders of 7-8 years, and preadolescents of 11-12 years) and adults, and Experiment 2 (N=64) examined preschoolers and preadolescents. Age-appropriate lists increased false recall. Although preschoolers had fewer false memories than the other age groups, they showed considerable levels of false recall when tested with age-appropriate materials. Results were discussed in terms of fuzzy-trace, source-monitoring, and activation frameworks.
两项实验试图通过使用一种改进的方法——构建适合各年龄段的联想词表，来解决之前关于在迪ese-罗迪格-麦克德莫特（DRM）范式中错误记忆发展趋势的相互矛盾的研究结果。该研究还将DRM范式扩展到了学龄前儿童。实验1（N = 320）包括三个年龄组的儿童（3 - 4岁的学龄前儿童、7 - 8岁的二年级学生、11 - 12岁的青春期前儿童）和成年人，实验2（N = 64）则对学龄前儿童和青春期前儿童进行了测试。适合各年龄段的词表增加了错误回忆。尽管学龄前儿童的错误记忆比其他年龄组少，但当使用适合其年龄的材料进行测试时，他们也表现出了相当程度的错误回忆。研究结果从模糊痕迹、源监测和激活框架等方面进行了讨论。
