Hazell Peter, Wood Stanley
Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College, Wye Campus, Kent TN25 5AH, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2008 Feb 12;363(1491):495-515. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2166.
As a result of agricultural intensification, more food is produced today than needed to feed the entire world population and at prices that have never been so low. Yet despite this success and the impact of globalization and increasing world trade in agriculture, there remain large, persistent and, in some cases, worsening spatial differences in the ability of societies to both feed themselves and protect the long-term productive capacity of their natural resources. This paper explores these differences and develops a countryxfarming systems typology for exploring the linkages between human needs, agriculture and the environment, and for assessing options for addressing future food security, land use and ecosystem service challenges facing different societies around the world.
由于农业集约化，如今生产的粮食超过了养活全球人口所需，而且价格从未如此之低。然而，尽管取得了这一成功，以及全球化和世界农业贸易不断增加带来的影响，但在社会养活自身的能力以及保护其自然资源长期生产能力方面，仍然存在巨大、持续且在某些情况下不断恶化的空间差异。本文探讨了这些差异，并开发了一种国家-农业系统类型学，用于探索人类需求、农业与环境之间的联系，以及评估应对世界各地不同社会未来面临的粮食安全、土地利用和生态系统服务挑战的各种选项。
