Macaluso M, Delzell E, Cole P, Wongsrichanalai C, Cowles S
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
J Occup Med. 1991 Nov;33(11):1180-6. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199111000-00017.
We evaluated the Shell Health Surveillance System (HSS) by conducting two mortality studies at an oil refinery. Study A used the HSS to measure the mortality of active and retired workers during 1973 to 1982. Study B used additional information sources and followed up terminated employees. For subjects included in both studies, results were very similar. However, the mortality experience of terminees before 1973 (included only in study B) was different from that of study A subjects, reflecting differences in length of employment and time since hire. HSS-based studies provide valid measures of long-term effects of past exposures among retirees and of short-term effects of recent exposures among active employees. However, they cannot detect short-term effects of past exposures, and they have limited power for evaluating dose-response relationships.
我们通过在一家炼油厂进行两项死亡率研究，对壳牌健康监测系统（HSS）进行了评估。研究A使用HSS来衡量1973年至1982年期间在职和退休工人的死亡率。研究B使用了其他信息来源，并对离职员工进行了跟踪。对于两项研究都纳入的受试者，结果非常相似。然而，1973年之前离职人员的死亡经历（仅在研究B中包括）与研究A的受试者不同，这反映了就业时长和入职后的时间差异。基于HSS的研究为退休人员过去接触的长期影响以及在职员工近期接触的短期影响提供了有效的衡量方法。然而，它们无法检测过去接触的短期影响，并且在评估剂量反应关系方面的能力有限。
