Teta M J, Schnatter A R, Ott M G, Pell S
Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT 06817.
Am J Ind Med. 1990;17(4):435-47. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700170403.
The mortality experience of 88,000 Union Carbide Corporation employees from 1974 to 1983 is presented using a population-based surveillance system. The study included many long-term employees, with most deaths contributed by those retired or terminated. The total population exhibited 30% lower mortality overall and 10% lower cancer mortality, as compared with the general U.S. population. Excesses of benign neoplasms and malignant melanoma of the skin were observed in both hourly and salaried males. Mortality rates for lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma were significantly elevated due to higher rates among hourly male employees and a cluster in one location. This same location also exhibited an excess of liver cancer associated with vinyl chloride operations. There were no other significant excesses in the hourly male workers and fewer deaths than expected due to brain cancer, respiratory cancer, and nonmalignant respiratory diseases. Salaried, and particularly hourly, women experienced favorable mortality, although for the women, time since hire was relatively short. Location-specific findings were similar to what had been observed in the company's previously conducted cohort studies. Future value lies in the development of a database that will have greater power to address possible effects of past exposures and outcomes related to more recent lower level exposures.
利用基于人群的监测系统呈现了1974年至1983年期间88000名联合碳化物公司员工的死亡情况。该研究纳入了许多长期员工，大多数死亡案例来自退休或离职人员。与美国普通人群相比，总体人群的死亡率降低了30%，癌症死亡率降低了10%。在按小时计酬和领薪水的男性员工中均观察到良性肿瘤和皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的超额发生。由于按小时计酬的男性员工发病率较高且在一个地点出现聚集现象，淋巴肉瘤和网状细胞肉瘤的死亡率显著升高。同一地点还出现了与氯乙烯作业相关的肝癌超额发生情况。按小时计酬的男性员工中没有其他显著的超额发生情况，且因脑癌、呼吸道癌症和非恶性呼吸道疾病导致的死亡人数低于预期。领薪水的女性，尤其是按小时计酬的女性，死亡率较低，尽管对女性而言，入职时间相对较短。特定地点的研究结果与该公司之前进行的队列研究中观察到的结果相似。未来的价值在于开发一个数据库，该数据库将更有能力解决过去接触以及与近期较低水平接触相关的结果可能产生的影响。
