Olstadt Jeremy, Schauer James Jay, Standridge Jon, Kluender Sharon
Water Bacteriology Department, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison WI 53707-7996, USA.
J Water Health. 2007 Jun;5(2):267-82.
Since 2002, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has approved ten enzyme-based total coliform and E. coli detection tests for examination of drinking water. These tests include: Colilert, Colilert-18, Colisure, m-Coli Blue 24, Readycult Coliforms 100, Chromocult, Coliscan, E * Colite, Colitag and MI Agar. The utility of the enzyme based test systems is based on both the ability of the test to detect the target organisms at low levels and the ability of the test system to suppress the growth of non-target organisms that might result in false positive results. Differences in the ability of some of these methods to detect total coliform and E. coli, as well as suppress Aeromonas spp., a common cause of "false positive" results, have been observed. As a result, this study was undertaken to elucidate the strengths and weaknesses of each method. Water samples were collected from three geographically and chemically diverse groundwaters in Wisconsin. One-hundred milliliter aliquots were individually spiked with both low concentrations (one to ten organisms) and high concentrations (fifty to one-hundred) of each of five different total coliform organisms (Serratia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, E. coli, & Klebsiella). These spiked samples were used to test the capability of ten enzyme-based test systems to both detect and enumerate the spiked organisms. In addition, 100 ml samples were independently spiked with two different strains of Aeromonas spp. at six different levels, to assess the ability of each enzyme-based test to suppress Aeromonas spp. Analysis of the data indicated that wide variability exists among USEPA approved tests to detect and quantify total coliforms, as well as suppress Aeromonas spp.
自2002年以来，美国环境保护局（USEPA）已批准了十种基于酶的总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌检测试验用于饮用水检测。这些试验包括：Colilert、Colilert-18、Colisure、m-Coli Blue 24、Readycult Coliforms 100、Chromocult、Coliscan、E * Colite、Colitag和MI琼脂。基于酶的检测系统的实用性既基于该检测在低水平检测目标生物体的能力，也基于该检测系统抑制可能导致假阳性结果的非目标生物体生长的能力。已观察到其中一些方法在检测总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌以及抑制气单胞菌属（“假阳性”结果的常见原因）的能力方面存在差异。因此，开展了本研究以阐明每种方法的优缺点。从威斯康星州三个地理和化学性质不同的地下水中采集水样。将100毫升等分试样分别加入低浓度（1至10个生物体）和高浓度（50至100个）的五种不同总大肠菌群生物体（沙雷氏菌、柠檬酸杆菌、肠杆菌、大肠杆菌和克雷伯氏菌）。这些加标样品用于测试十种基于酶的检测系统检测和计数加标生物体的能力。此外，将100毫升样品分别加入六种不同水平的两种不同气单胞菌属菌株，以评估每种基于酶的检测抑制气单胞菌属的能力。数据分析表明，USEPA批准的检测在检测和定量总大肠菌群以及抑制气单胞菌属方面存在很大差异。
