Sousa Guerreiro Catarina, Cravo Marília, Costa Ana Raimundo, Miranda Ana, Tavares Lourdes, Moura-Santos Paula, MarquesVidal Pedro, Nobre Leitão Carlos
Escola Superior de Technologia da Saúde de Lisboa and Unidade de Nutrição e Metabolismo Instituto de Medicina Molecular da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Nov;102(11):2551-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01439.x. Epub 2006 Aug 4.
Evaluate the nutritional status of patients with inactive or mildly active Crohn's disease (CD), and identify possible causes for potential deficiencies.
A total of 78 CD patients and 80 healthy controls were evaluated in respect of nutritional status, dietary intake, and life styles factors.
These 73/78 CD patients were on immunomodulating therapies. Mean body mass index (BMI) was lower in patients as compared to controls (P= 0.006) but 32% of CD patients and 33.8% of controls had a BMI > 25, whereas 8% and 23.8% in each group, respectively, were obese (BMI > 30Kg/m(2)). Fat free mass was significantly decreased in both genders (P < 0.05) whereas fat mass was decreased only in males (P= 0.01). Energy intake was significantly lower in CD patients (P < 0.0001) and we observed significantly lower adjusted mean daily intakes of carbohydrates, monounsaturated fat, fiber, calcium, and vitamins C, D, E, and K (P < 0.05). 29% of patients had excluded grains from their usual diet, 28% milk, 18% vegetables, and 11% fruits. Milk exclusion resulted in a significantly lower consumption of calcium and vitamin K (P < 0.001) and the exclusion of vegetables was associated to a lower consumption of vitamins C and E (P < 0.05). Physical activity was significantly lower in CD patients (P= 0.01) and this lack of physical activity was inversely correlated with increased fat mass percentage (r=-0.315, P= 0.001).
Results showed that the most prevalent form of malnutrition in CD patients was an excess of body weight, which was concomitant with an inadequate dietary intake, namely micronutrients, clearly related to dietary exclusion of certain foods.
评估非活动期或轻度活动期克罗恩病（CD）患者的营养状况，并确定潜在营养缺乏的可能原因。
对78例CD患者和80例健康对照者的营养状况、饮食摄入和生活方式因素进行了评估。
这73/78例CD患者接受免疫调节治疗。与对照组相比，患者的平均体重指数（BMI）较低（P = 0.006），但32%的CD患者和33.8%的对照组BMI>25，而每组分别有8%和23.8%为肥胖（BMI>30Kg/m²）。无脂体重在两性中均显著降低（P<0.05），而脂肪量仅在男性中降低（P = 0.01）。CD患者的能量摄入显著较低（P<0.0001），并且我们观察到碳水化合物、单不饱和脂肪、纤维、钙以及维生素C、D、E和K的调整后平均每日摄入量显著较低（P<0.05）。29%的患者在日常饮食中排除了谷物，28%排除了牛奶，18%排除了蔬菜，11%排除了水果。排除牛奶导致钙和维生素K的摄入量显著降低（P<0.001），而排除蔬菜与维生素C和E的摄入量较低有关（P<0.05）。CD患者的体力活动显著较低（P = 0.01），而这种体力活动的缺乏与脂肪量百分比增加呈负相关（r=-0.315，P = 0.001）。
结果表明，CD患者最普遍的营养不良形式是体重超标，这与饮食摄入不足（即微量营养素）同时存在，而这显然与某些食物的饮食排除有关。
