Ferraioli Giovanna, Meloni Maria Franca
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Division, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) San Matteo, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007 Sep;189(3):W119-22. doi: 10.2214/AJR.07.2202.
The purposes of this study were to assess the feasibility of a sonographic training program at a district hospital in a developing country and to evaluate the effect of the program on public health care services.
A sonographic training program is being conducted on Pemba Island, Tanzania. A maximum of 10 trainees participate in the program. Courses in sonography conducted by European physicians are scheduled every 4 months for 2 consecutive weeks each time. The sonographic training program lasts 5 years and is divided into three stages in which basic, advanced, and specialized courses are organized. At the end of every course, the trainees take a multiple-choice test (score, 1-10) and a practical test with patients (score, 1-5). To advance to the next stage, a trainee needs a score of at least 7 on the theory test and at least 3 on the practical.
Three courses have been completed. The total mean scores on the multiple-choice test were 7.4 (range, 6.5-9) at the end of the first course, 7.3 (range, 6.5-8.5) at the end of the second course, and 6.2 (range, 4.0-9.5) at the end of the third course. A shortage of electricity hindered the practical test after the first and second courses. At the end of the third course, the total mean score on the practical was 3.5 (range, 1.5-5.0). Seven of 10 trainees were admitted to the second year of the sonographic training program. The mean monthly hospital earnings during the three-course period were 673,200 Tanzanian shillings.
Sonography is an affordable technology for developing countries. Training in sonography should be included in the planning of long-term projects in which multiple access and feedback are provided in the same area.
本研究旨在评估在一个发展中国家的地区医院开展超声培训项目的可行性，并评估该项目对公共卫生保健服务的影响。
在坦桑尼亚的奔巴岛开展了一项超声培训项目。每次最多有10名学员参加该项目。由欧洲医生讲授的超声课程每4个月安排一次，每次连续进行2周。超声培训项目为期5年，分为三个阶段，分别组织基础课程、进阶课程和专业课程。每门课程结束时，学员要进行多项选择题测试（分数范围为1 - 10分）和对患者的实践测试（分数范围为1 - 5分）。要进入下一阶段，学员在理论测试中至少得7分，在实践测试中至少得3分。
已完成三门课程。在第一门课程结束时，多项选择题测试的总平均分为7.4（范围为6.5 - 9），在第二门课程结束时为7.3（范围为6.5 - 8.5），在第三门课程结束时为6.2（范围为4.0 - 9.5）。电力短缺妨碍了第一和第二门课程后的实践测试。在第三门课程结束时，实践测试的总平均分为3.5（范围为1.5 - 5.0）。10名学员中有7名进入了超声培训项目的第二年。在三门课程期间，医院平均每月收入为673,200坦桑尼亚先令。
超声检查对发展中国家来说是一项经济实惠的技术。超声培训应纳入长期项目规划，在同一地区提供多次培训机会并给予反馈。
