Abrams Alicia B, Hillis James M, Brainard David H
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Neural Comput. 2007 Oct;19(10):2610-37. doi: 10.1162/neco.2007.19.10.2610.
Color vision supports two distinct visual functions: discrimination and constancy. Discrimination requires that the visual response to distinct objects within a scene be different. Constancy requires that the visual response to any object be the same across scenes. Across changes in scene, adaptation can improve discrimination by optimizing the use of the available response range. Similarly, adaptation can improve constancy by stabilizing the visual response to any fixed object across changes in illumination. Can common mechanisms of adaptation achieve these two goals simultaneously? We develop a theoretical framework for answering this question and present several example calculations. In the examples studied, the answer is largely yes when the change of scene consists of a change in illumination and considerably less so when the change of scene consists of a change in the statistical ensemble of surface reflectances in the environment.
辨别和恒常性。辨别要求对场景中不同物体的视觉反应有所不同。恒常性要求对任何物体的视觉反应在不同场景中保持相同。在场景变化时，适应可以通过优化可用反应范围的使用来提高辨别能力。同样，适应可以通过在光照变化时稳定对任何固定物体的视觉反应来提高恒常性。通用的适应机制能否同时实现这两个目标？我们开发了一个理论框架来回答这个问题，并给出了几个示例计算。在所研究的示例中，当场景变化是由光照变化引起时，答案在很大程度上是肯定的；而当场景变化是由环境中表面反射率的统计集合变化引起时，答案肯定的程度要小得多。
