Alford G S, Jouriles E N, Jackson S C
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216.
Addict Behav. 1991;16(5):341-7. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(91)90027-f.
Self-reported initial, early, and long-term drinking behaviors, experiences, and consequences were obtained from male alcoholics completing inpatient treatment. Subjects were recruited and selected on the basis that they met DSM-III criteria for diagnosis of alcohol dependency and that their biological fathers were alcoholic (FHP; Family History Positive) or that they had no biological family history of alcoholism (FHN; Family History Negative). Results indicated that FHP subjects rated their initial taste of beer higher than FHN subjects, that FHP subjects began tasting and subsequently regularly drinking alcohol at an earlier age than FHN subjects and that there was significantly shorter elapsed time between initiating regular drinking and developing alcoholic-symptomatic problems in living among FHP alcoholics than FHN alcoholics. Although there were a few other significant differences, the drinking-behavioral histories of the two groups were remarkably similar and parallel. Taken together, results suggest that familial risk factors primarily influence the rate at which alcoholic drinking and alcoholism develop, rather than the form or pattern of alcoholic drinking.
通过对完成住院治疗的男性酗酒者进行调查，获取了他们自我报告的初始、早期和长期饮酒行为、经历及后果。受试者的招募和选择基于以下标准：他们符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）中酒精依赖的诊断标准，且其生物学父亲为酗酒者（家族史阳性，FHP），或者他们没有酗酒的生物学家族史（家族史阴性，FHN）。结果表明，家族史阳性的受试者对啤酒的初始口感评价高于家族史阴性的受试者；家族史阳性的受试者开始品尝并随后定期饮酒的年龄早于家族史阴性的受试者；与家族史阴性的酗酒者相比，家族史阳性的酗酒者从开始定期饮酒到出现酒精相关症状问题的时间明显更短。尽管还存在一些其他显著差异，但两组的饮酒行为历史非常相似且平行。综合来看，结果表明家族风险因素主要影响酗酒和酒精中毒的发展速度，而非饮酒的形式或模式。
