Schalast Norbert
Institut für Forensische Psychiatrie der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen.
Psychiatr Prax. 2008 May;35(4):175-81. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-970960. Epub 2007 Sep 3.
To examine statistical properties and the validity of a ward climate questionnaire for forensic psychiatric institutions. The 15 item instrument comprises three climate dimensions: Patients' Cohesion and Social Support, Safety (vs. threat by aggression and violence) and Therapeutic Hold.
On 46 wards in 17 forensic hospitals in Germany, patients and staff filled in the climate questionnaire and further scales, among them the "Ward Atmosphere Scale" and a "Good Milieu Index". Problem events (e. g. wilful damage of property, drug relapse) were listed on each ward over a period of three weeks.
333 staff and 327 patients participated in the study. For both groups, factor analysis of item-intercorrelation generates clear 3-factor-solutions. Item-total correlation and the scales' internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73 - 0.87) are respectable. Correlation analysis evinces many substantial interrelations with other variables. Staff's climate assessments correlate much stronger with patients' climate assessments than with staff's job satisfaction.
The climate questionnaire is an economic and valid instrument for assessing three meaningful aspects of the ward atmosphere in forensic psychiatry. An English version of the questionnaire--termed Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES)--can be downloaded from the internet homepage of the Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Essen ( www.forensik-essen.de ).
检验一份用于法医精神病机构的病房氛围问卷的统计特性和效度。该包含15个条目的工具涵盖三个氛围维度：患者凝聚力与社会支持、安全（与攻击和暴力威胁相对）以及治疗掌控。
在德国17家法医医院的46个病房中，患者和工作人员填写了氛围问卷及其他量表，其中包括“病房氛围量表”和“良好环境指数”。每个病房列出了为期三周的问题事件（如故意破坏财产、药物复吸）。
333名工作人员和327名患者参与了研究。对于两组而言，条目相互关联的因子分析产生了清晰的三因子解决方案。条目与总分的相关性以及量表的内部一致性（克朗巴哈α系数=0.73 - 0.87）值得认可。相关分析表明该问卷与其他变量存在许多显著的相互关系。工作人员对氛围的评估与患者对氛围的评估之间的相关性，远强于工作人员对工作满意度的评估。
该氛围问卷是评估法医精神病学中病房氛围三个有意义方面的经济且有效的工具。该问卷的英文版——称为埃森氛围评估量表（EssenCES）——可从埃森法医精神病学研究所的互联网主页（www.forensik-essen.de）下载。
