Lie H R, Lagergren J, Rasmussen F, Lagerkvist B, Hagelsteen J, Börjeson M C, Muttilainen M, Taudorf K
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1991 Dec;33(12):1053-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14827.x.
The urinary and bowel control was studied of 527 children with myelomeningocele aged between four and 18 years. Information was obtained from medical records and by parent questionnaire. 44 had normal urinary control, 50 had a urinary diversion and the remaining 433 had neuropathic bladder without urinary diversion, of whom 31 per cent expressed their bladder manually and 40 per cent used clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC). 60 per cent needed assistance emptying their bladder. Children using CIC were more continent and needed less help, but were more often treated with antibiotics. Of the 527 children, 412 had disturbed bowel control. 212 evacuated their bowels manually, of whom 90 per cent needed assistance. Parents judged urinary incontinence to be very stressful for 37 per cent of the children and faecal incontinence for 33 per cent. The authors conclude that social urinary continence should be defined as the ability to keep dry for three hours or more.
对527名年龄在4至18岁之间的脊髓脊膜膨出患儿的排尿和排便控制情况进行了研究。信息来自病历记录和家长问卷。44名患儿排尿控制正常，50名患儿进行了尿液改道，其余433名患儿患有神经源性膀胱且未进行尿液改道，其中31%通过手动方式排尿，40%采用清洁间歇性导尿（CIC）。60%的患儿排空膀胱需要协助。采用CIC的患儿尿失禁情况较少，需要的帮助也较少，但使用抗生素治疗的频率更高。在这527名患儿中，412名存在排便控制障碍。212名患儿通过手动方式排便，其中90%需要协助。家长认为，37%的患儿尿失禁带来很大压力，33%的患儿大便失禁带来很大压力。作者得出结论，社会意义上的尿失禁应定义为能够保持干爽三小时或更长时间的能力。
