Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Eur J Nutr. 2011 Aug;50(5):341-9. doi: 10.1007/s00394-010-0142-7. Epub 2010 Dec 14.
To assess the effectiveness of a dietary intervention combined with fortified dairy products on bone metabolism and bone mass indices in postmenopausal women.
Forty postmenopausal women (55-65 years old) were equally randomized into a dietary group (DG), receiving daily and for 30 months, 1,200 mg of calcium and 7.5 μg of vitamin D(3) for the first 12 months that increased to 22.5 μg for the remaining 18 months of intervention through fortified dairy products; and a control group (CG). Differences in the changes of bone metabolism and bone mass indices were examined with repeated measures ANOVA.
A significant increase was observed for PTH levels only in the CG during the first six winter months of intervention (p = 0.049). After 30 months of intervention, during winter, serum 25(OH)D significantly decreased in the CG while remained in the same high levels as in the summer period in the DG. Serum RANKL levels decreased significantly in the DG compared with the increase in the CG during the 30-month intervention period (p = 0.005). Serum CTx decreased significantly in the DG after six (-0.08; -0.12 to -0.03) and 12 (-0.03; -0.08 to -0.02) months of intervention. Finally, the DG had more favorable changes in total body BMD than the CG (p < 0.001).
Increasing dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D in osteopenic postmenopausal women appears to be effective in producing favorable changes in several bone metabolism and bone mass indices and in counterbalancing seasonal variations in hormonal and biochemical molecules.
评估饮食干预联合强化乳制品对绝经后妇女骨代谢和骨量指数的影响。
将 40 名绝经后妇女（55-65 岁）随机分为饮食组（DG）和对照组（CG），DG 组在最初 12 个月内每天摄入 1200mg 钙和 7.5μg 维生素 D3，12 个月后增加至 22.5μg，通过强化乳制品摄入；CG 组在最初 12 个月内每天摄入 1000mg 钙和 4μg 维生素 D3，12 个月后增加至 10μg，通过强化乳制品摄入。采用重复测量方差分析比较两组骨代谢和骨量指数的变化差异。
在干预的前 6 个冬季，CG 组的 PTH 水平显著升高（p=0.049）。30 个月的干预后，冬季 CG 组血清 25(OH)D 水平显著下降，而 DG 组则保持与夏季相同的高水平。与 CG 组相比，DG 组在 30 个月的干预期间血清 RANKL 水平显著下降（p=0.005）。干预 6 个月（-0.08；-0.12 至-0.03）和 12 个月（-0.03；-0.08 至-0.02）后，DG 组血清 CTx 水平显著下降。最后，DG 组的全身骨密度变化优于 CG 组（p<0.001）。
在骨质疏松的绝经后妇女中增加膳食钙和维生素 D 的摄入似乎能有效改善多项骨代谢和骨量指数，并能平衡激素和生化分子的季节性变化。
