Spada B, Biehler K, Chegas P, Kaye J, Riepenhoff-Talty M
Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Buffalo School of Medicine.
J Virol Methods. 1991 Aug;33(3):305-10. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(91)90030-4.
In the hospital setting it is often critical to isolate patients appropriately in order to prevent nosocomial infection. This is especially true with respiratory infection in infants and young children. At the present time a rapid immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza viruses is routinely carried out in our laboratory. During January and February of 1990 we used monoclonal antibodies specific for influenza A and B viruses (Baxter-Bartels, Bellevue, WA) in this rapid IFA. 152 samples of NPS were tested by cell culture isolation (CCI) and IFA for the presence of influenza antigens. Twenty-seven samples were positive by both methods, and 114 were negative by both. Three samples were positive by IFA and negative by CCI, while eight samples were positive by CCI and negative by IFA. Five of these eight samples were not positive until 10 to 14 days after inoculation into cell culture, suggesting that the virus inoculum was small. Using CCI as the 'gold' standard, IFA was 90% sensitive and 93% specific. Because of its turn-around time (2-4 h) and acceptable sensitivity and specificity, IFA for influenza viruses will be a routine test in our diagnostic laboratory during the influenza season.
在医院环境中，为防止医院感染，对患者进行适当隔离通常至关重要。对于婴幼儿的呼吸道感染尤其如此。目前，我们实验室常规开展针对呼吸道合胞病毒和副流感病毒的快速免疫荧光测定（IFA）。1990年1月和2月期间，我们在这种快速IFA中使用了针对甲型和乙型流感病毒的单克隆抗体（Baxter - Bartels，华盛顿州贝尔维尤）。通过细胞培养分离（CCI）和IFA检测了152份鼻咽分泌物样本中流感抗原的存在情况。两种方法均检测出27份样本呈阳性，两种方法均检测出114份样本呈阴性。3份样本IFA检测呈阳性而CCI检测呈阴性，8份样本CCI检测呈阳性而IFA检测呈阴性。这8份样本中有5份直到接种到细胞培养物中10至14天后才呈阳性，表明病毒接种量较小。以CCI作为“金”标准，IFA的敏感性为90%，特异性为93%。由于其周转时间（2 - 4小时）以及可接受的敏感性和特异性，在流感季节，流感病毒的IFA将成为我们诊断实验室的常规检测项目。
