Gutzwiller A, Czeglédi L, Stoll P, Bruckner L
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production and Dairy Products (ALP), Posieux, Switzerland.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2007 Oct;91(9-10):432-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2006.00672.x.
A feeding trial using 220 weaner pigs which comprised two experimental series was conducted to investigate the effects of diets contaminated with the Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) and to test the hypothesis that apple pomace acts as an antidote to these mycotoxins. Two diets without contaminated wheat, containing either no pomace or 8% pomace, and two diets with naturally contaminated wheat (3.2 mg DON and 0.06 mg ZON, and 2.1 mg DON and 0.25 mg ZON per kg diet in series 1 and 2 respectively), containing either no pomace or 8% pomace were fed ad libitum for 5 weeks. Mycotoxin exposure lowered feed intake (p < 0.01) and growth (p = 0.05), and tended to decrease the energy conversion ratio (p = 0.06). Although the intake of apple pomace did not increase feed intake, it increased the growth rate (p = 0.04), mainly by restoring growth in the presence of mycotoxins (p = 0.08 for the interaction mycotoxin x pomace). In the first experimental series, the animals were immunized with a parvovirus vaccine. The percentage of seroconverting animals did not differ between the treatments (p = 0.56), which indicates that DON did not affect the humoral immune response. In the second experimental series, female piglets fed the contaminated diets had heavier uteri than piglets fed the uncontaminated diets (p < 0.01), regardless of pomace supplementation. The results show that pomace may alleviate the negative effect of DON on growth but does not counteract the hormonal effects of ZON.
使用220头断奶仔猪进行了一项饲养试验，该试验包括两个实验系列，旨在研究受镰刀菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZON）污染的日粮的影响，并检验苹果渣可作为这些霉菌毒素解毒剂的假设。两种不含受污染小麦的日粮，一种不含苹果渣，另一种含8%苹果渣；两种含天然污染小麦的日粮（系列1和系列2中每千克日粮分别含3.2毫克DON和0.06毫克ZON，以及2.1毫克DON和0.25毫克ZON），一种不含苹果渣，另一种含8%苹果渣，自由采食5周。霉菌毒素暴露降低了采食量（p<0.01）和生长速度（p=0.05），并倾向于降低能量转化率（p=0.06）。虽然苹果渣的摄入没有增加采食量，但提高了生长速度（p=0.04），主要是通过在存在霉菌毒素的情况下恢复生长（霉菌毒素×苹果渣的交互作用p=0.08）。在第一个实验系列中，用细小病毒疫苗对动物进行免疫。各处理之间血清转化动物的百分比没有差异（p=0.56），这表明DON不影响体液免疫反应。在第二个实验系列中，无论是否添加苹果渣，饲喂受污染日粮的雌性仔猪子宫比饲喂未受污染日粮的仔猪重（p<0.01）。结果表明，苹果渣可能减轻DON对生长的负面影响，但不能抵消ZON的激素作用。
