霉菌毒素对免疫反应的影响及对猪健康的后果。
Impact of mycotoxin on immune response and consequences for pig health.
作者信息
Pierron Alix, Alassane-Kpembi Imourana, Oswald Isabelle P
机构信息
INRA, UMR 1331, ToxAlim Research Centre in Food Toxicology, BP93173, Toulouse Cedex 03 31027, France.
Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR 1331, ToxAlim, BP93173, Toulouse Cedex 03 31027, France.
出版信息
Anim Nutr. 2016 Jun;2(2):63-68. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.03.001. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites detected in many agricultural commodities, especially cereals. Due to their high consumption of cereals, pigs are exposed to these toxins. In the European Union, regulations and/or recommendations exist in pig feed for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisins, zearalenone, and trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin. These mycotoxins have different toxic effects, but they all target the immune system. They have immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive effects depending on the toxin, the concentration and the parameter investigated. The immune system is primarily responsible for defense against invading organisms. The consequences of the ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feed are an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, a reactivation of chronic infection and a decreased vaccine efficacy. In this review we summarized the data available on the effect of mycotoxins on the immune system and the consequences for pig health.
霉菌毒素是在许多农产品尤其是谷物中检测到的真菌次生代谢产物。由于猪大量食用谷物，它们会接触到这些毒素。在欧盟，猪饲料中针对黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素A、伏马菌素、玉米赤霉烯酮、单端孢霉烯族毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和T-2毒素都有相关规定和/或建议。这些霉菌毒素具有不同的毒性作用，但它们都以免疫系统为靶点。根据毒素、浓度和所研究的参数，它们具有免疫刺激或免疫抑制作用。免疫系统主要负责抵御入侵的生物体。摄入受霉菌毒素污染的饲料会导致对传染病的易感性增加、慢性感染的重新激活以及疫苗效力降低。在本综述中，我们总结了关于霉菌毒素对免疫系统的影响以及对猪健康后果的现有数据。
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