Artinian Nancy T, Flack John M, Nordstrom Cheryl K, Hockman Elaine M, Washington Olivia G M, Jen Kai-Lin Catherine, Fathy Maryam
College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Nurs Res. 2007 Sep-Oct;56(5):312-22. doi: 10.1097/01.NNR.0000289501.45284.6e.
Nearly one in three adults in the United States has hypertension. Hypertension is one of the largest risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and it is growing in prevalence, especially among African Americans.
To test the hypothesis that individuals who participate in usual care (UC) plus blood pressure (BP) telemonitoring (TM) will have a greater reduction in BP from baseline to 12-month follow-up than would individuals who receive UC only.
A two-group, experimental, longitudinal design with block stratified randomization for antihypertensive medication use was used. African Americans with hypertension were recruited through free BP screenings offered in the community. Data were collected through a structured interview and brief physical exam. Cross tabs, repeated measures analysis of variance, and independent t tests were used to analyze the study's hypothesis.
The TM intervention group had a greater reduction in systolic BP (13.0 mm Hg) than the enhanced UC group (7.5 mm Hg; t = -2.09, p = .04) from baseline to the 12-month follow-up. Although the TM intervention group had a greater reduction in diastolic BP (6.3 mm Hg) compared with the enhanced UC group (4.1 mm Hg), the differences were not statistically significant (t = -1.56, p = .12).
: Telemonitoring of BP resulted in clinically and statistically significant reductions in systolic BP over a 12-month period; if maintained over a longer period of time, the reductions could improve care and outcomes significantly for African Americans with hypertension.
在美国，近三分之一的成年人患有高血压。高血压是心血管疾病最大的危险因素之一，其患病率正在上升，尤其是在非裔美国人中。
检验以下假设：与仅接受常规护理（UC）的个体相比，参与常规护理（UC）加血压（BP）远程监测（TM）的个体从基线到12个月随访时血压降低幅度更大。
采用两组实验性纵向设计，并对降压药物使用进行区组分层随机化。通过社区提供的免费血压筛查招募患有高血压的非裔美国人。通过结构化访谈和简短体格检查收集数据。使用交叉表、重复测量方差分析和独立t检验来分析研究假设。
从基线到12个月随访，远程监测干预组的收缩压降低幅度（13.0毫米汞柱）大于强化常规护理组（7.5毫米汞柱；t = -2.09，p = .04）。尽管远程监测干预组的舒张压降低幅度（6.3毫米汞柱）大于强化常规护理组（4.1毫米汞柱），但差异无统计学意义（t = -1.56，p = .12）。
血压远程监测在12个月期间使收缩压在临床和统计学上有显著降低；如果在更长时间内保持，这种降低可能会显著改善患有高血压的非裔美国人的护理和预后。
