Bosman Anna M T, Vonk Wietske, van Zwam Margriet
Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education and Behavioural Sciences Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ann Dyslexia. 2006 Dec;56(2):271-300. doi: 10.1007/s11881-006-0012-4.
Lexical-decision studies with experienced English and French readers have shown that visual-word identification is not only affected by pronunciation inconsistency of a word (i.e., multiple ways to pronounce a spelling body), but also by spelling inconsistency (i.e., multiple ways to spell a pronunciation rime). The aim of this study was to compare the reading behavior of young Dutch readers with dyslexia to the behavior of readers without dyslexia. All students participated in a lexical-decision task in which we presented pronunciation-consistent words and pseudowords. Half of the pronunciation-consistent stimuli were spelling consistent and the other half were spelling inconsistent. All three reader groups, that is, students with dyslexia, age-match students, and reading-match students, read spelling-consistent words faster than spelling-inconsistent words. Overall reading speed of students with dyslexia was similar to that of reading-match students, and was substantially slower than that of age-match students. The results suggest that reading in students with or without dyslexia is similarly affected by spelling inconsistency. Subtle qualitative differences emerged, however, with respect to pseudoword identification. The conclusion was that the findings were best interpreted in terms of a recurrent-feedback model.
针对经验丰富的英语和法语读者开展的词汇判断研究表明，视觉单词识别不仅会受到单词发音不一致（即一个拼写形式有多种发音方式）的影响，还会受到拼写不一致（即一个发音韵脚有多种拼写方式）的影响。本研究的目的是比较患有诵读困难症的荷兰年轻读者与无诵读困难症读者的阅读行为。所有学生都参与了一项词汇判断任务，在该任务中我们呈现了发音一致的单词和假词。发音一致的刺激材料中有一半拼写一致，另一半拼写不一致。所有三个读者组，即患有诵读困难症的学生、年龄匹配的学生和阅读能力匹配的学生，阅读拼写一致的单词都比阅读拼写不一致的单词速度更快。患有诵读困难症的学生的总体阅读速度与阅读能力匹配的学生相似，且明显慢于年龄匹配的学生。结果表明，拼写不一致对患有或未患有诵读困难症的学生的阅读影响相似。然而，在假词识别方面出现了细微的质性差异。得出的结论是，这些发现最好用循环反馈模型来解释。
