非法卡西酮（“哈吉加特”）中毒。
Illicit cathinone ("Hagigat") poisoning.
作者信息
Bentur Yedidia, Bloom-Krasik Anna, Raikhlin-Eisenkraft Bianca
机构信息
Israel Poison Information Center, Rambam Health Care Campus, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
出版信息
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2008 Mar;46(3):206-10. doi: 10.1080/15563650701517574.
INTRODUCTION
Khat leaves (mainly cathinone and cathine) have been chewed for centuries as stimulants. Hagigat (capsules of 200 mg cathinone) have been marketed in Israel as a natural stimulant and aphrodisiac. The consequences of illicit exposure to cathinone are reported.
METHODS
Prospective observational study of calls to the Poison Center regarding exposure to Hagigat during the course of 10 months. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from patients' records and telephone follow up was performed.
RESULTS
Data of 34 consecutive patients aged 16-54 years were analyzed. The amount consumed was (1/2)-6 capsules (ingestion-32, sniffing-2). Main clinical manifestations were headache, vomiting, hypertension, nausea, tachycardia, dyspnea, chest pain, and myalgia. Main complications were myocardial ischemia (3), pulmonary edema (2), and intracerebral hemorrhage (1), all in young subjects. Treatment was supportive; one patient underwent neurosurgery.
CONCLUSION
Exposure to illicitly synthesized cathinone is associated with serious cardiovascular and neurological toxicity, even in young subjects.
引言
几个世纪以来，人们一直将巧茶树叶（主要含卡西酮和去甲伪麻黄碱）作为兴奋剂咀嚼。“哈吉加特”（含200毫克卡西酮的胶囊）在以色列作为天然兴奋剂和壮阳药销售。有关于非法接触卡西酮后果的报道。
方法
对10个月内拨打中毒控制中心热线咨询接触“哈吉加特”情况的案例进行前瞻性观察研究。从患者记录中提取人口统计学和临床数据，并进行电话随访。
结果
分析了34例年龄在16至54岁之间的连续患者的数据。服用量为半粒至6粒胶囊（口服32例，吸入2例）。主要临床表现为头痛、呕吐、高血压、恶心、心动过速、呼吸困难、胸痛和肌痛。主要并发症为心肌缺血（3例）、肺水肿（2例）和脑出血（1例），均发生在年轻患者中。治疗以支持治疗为主；1例患者接受了神经外科手术。
结论
即使在年轻患者中，非法合成卡西酮的接触也与严重的心血管和神经毒性有关。
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