Randazzo Paul A, Inoue Hiroki, Bharti Sanita
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Biol Cell. 2007 Oct;99(10):583-600. doi: 10.1042/bc20070034.
The Arf (ADP-ribosylation factor) GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins) are a family of proteins with a common catalytic domain that induces hydrolysis of GTP bound to Arf GTP-binding proteins. At least three groups of multidomain Arf GAPs affect the actin cytoskeleton and cellular activities, such as migration and movement, that depend on the cytoskeleton. One role of the Arf GAPs is to regulate membrane remodelling that accompanies actin polymerization. Regulation of membrane remodelling is mediated in part by the regulation of Arf proteins. However, Arf GAPs also regulate actin independently of effects on membranes or Arf. These functions include acting as upstream regulators of Rho family proteins and providing a scaffold for Rho effectors and exchange factors. With multiple functional elements, the Arf GAPs could integrate signals and biochemical activities that result in co-ordinated changes in actin and membranes necessary for a wide range of cellular functions.
Arf（ADP核糖基化因子）GAPs（GTP酶激活蛋白）是一类具有共同催化结构域的蛋白质家族，该结构域可诱导与Arf GTP结合蛋白结合的GTP发生水解。至少有三组多结构域Arf GAPs会影响肌动蛋白细胞骨架以及依赖于细胞骨架的细胞活动，如迁移和移动。Arf GAPs的一个作用是调节伴随肌动蛋白聚合的膜重塑。膜重塑的调节部分是由Arf蛋白的调节介导的。然而，Arf GAPs也独立于对膜或Arf的影响来调节肌动蛋白。这些功能包括作为Rho家族蛋白的上游调节因子，并为Rho效应器和交换因子提供支架。凭借多种功能元件，Arf GAPs可以整合信号和生化活动，从而导致肌动蛋白和膜发生协调变化，这对于广泛的细胞功能而言是必需的。
