Tavares Lucas A, Januário Yunan C, daSilva Luis L P
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Jul 8;9:622610. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622610. eCollection 2021.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) modifies the host cell environment to ensure efficient and sustained viral replication. Key to these processes is the capacity of the virus to hijack ATPases, GTPases and the associated proteins that control intracellular protein trafficking. The functions of these energy-harnessing enzymes can be seized by HIV-1 to allow the intracellular transport of viral components within the host cell or to change the subcellular distribution of antiviral factors, leading to immune evasion. Here, we summarize how energy-related proteins deviate from their normal functions in host protein trafficking to aid the virus in different phases of its replicative cycle. Recent discoveries regarding the interplay among HIV-1 and host ATPases and GTPases may shed light on potential targets for pharmacological intervention.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）会改变宿主细胞环境，以确保病毒高效且持续地复制。这些过程的关键在于病毒劫持ATP酶、GTP酶以及控制细胞内蛋白质运输的相关蛋白质的能力。HIV-1能够利用这些能量利用酶的功能，使病毒成分在宿主细胞内进行细胞内运输，或者改变抗病毒因子的亚细胞分布，从而导致免疫逃逸。在此，我们总结了与能量相关的蛋白质如何偏离其在宿主蛋白质运输中的正常功能，以在病毒复制周期的不同阶段帮助病毒。关于HIV-1与宿主ATP酶和GTP酶之间相互作用的最新发现，可能为药物干预的潜在靶点提供线索。
