Sabatier Colette
Department of Psychology, Université Victor Segalen, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France.
J Adolesc. 2008 Apr;31(2):185-205. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.08.001. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
This study, based on 365 second-generation adolescents from five ethnic groups, examined the cultural identity according to two orientations (ethnic and national) including two components (affirmation and exploration). Parents (356 mothers, 292 fathers) are also interviewed. Following ecological models of development and acculturation, multiple layers of context and their influence were analyzed: socialization with peers (ethnic composition of school and friends), the perception of discrimination and several aspects of parent-adolescent relationship including the perception of adolescent of their relationship with parents and both mothers' and fathers' reports on their own ethnic and national enculturation practices and on their parental styles. Ethnic and national affirmations were found to be two independent orientations. Regression analysis showed that the highest explanation of variance came from the adolescent's perception of their relationship with their parents, followed by parental enculturation, and perceived discrimination. The school and peer context explained a lesser amount of variance. Parents' contribution to cultural identity is not limited to the ethnic orientation; parents also contribute in a positive way to national identity. The parents' contribution was different in the case of mothers and fathers. This reflects the dynamic of acculturation within immigrant families.
本研究以来自五个民族的365名第二代青少年为基础，根据民族和国家两种取向（包括认同和探索两个组成部分）对文化认同进行了考察。同时还采访了父母（356名母亲，292名父亲）。遵循发展和文化适应的生态模型，分析了多层次的背景及其影响：与同伴的社会化（学校和朋友的民族构成）、对歧视的感知以及亲子关系的几个方面，包括青少年对自己与父母关系的感知以及母亲和父亲对自己的民族和国家文化传承实践以及养育方式的报告。民族认同和国家认同被发现是两个独立的取向。回归分析表明，变异的最大解释来自青少年对自己与父母关系的感知，其次是父母的文化传承和感知到的歧视。学校和同伴背景解释的变异量较少。父母对文化认同的贡献不仅限于民族取向；父母也以积极的方式对国家认同做出贡献。父母的贡献在母亲和父亲的情况中有所不同。这反映了移民家庭内部文化适应的动态过程。
