Xu Jianchu, Sharma Rita, Fang Jing, Xu Yufen
Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Environ Int. 2008 Feb;34(2):239-47. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.08.004. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
This article reviews critical linkages between land-use transition and human health in the Himalayan region by applying ecosystem approaches to human health (or EcoHealth). Land-use transition in the Himalayan and similar regions includes sedentarization, agricultural intensification, habitat modification, migration, change of livelihoods and lifestyles, biodiversity loss, and increasing flash floods. These transitions, which can have impacts on human health, are driven by state policies, a market economy, and climate change. Human health is dependent on access to ecosystem services for food, nutrition, medicine, fiber and shelter, fresh water, and clear air. Ecosystem management has been a key means of controlling disease vectors and creating suitable habitats for human well-being. The paper identifies the web of environmental factors that influence human health. Institutional and policy issues for land-use and health transitions are also discussed.
本文通过将生态系统方法应用于人类健康（即生态健康），回顾了喜马拉雅地区土地利用转型与人类健康之间的关键联系。喜马拉雅地区及类似地区的土地利用转型包括定居化、农业集约化、栖息地改变、迁移、生计和生活方式的变化、生物多样性丧失以及山洪暴发增加。这些转型可能对人类健康产生影响，其驱动因素包括国家政策、市场经济和气候变化。人类健康依赖于获取生态系统服务以获得食物、营养、药物、纤维和住所、淡水以及清洁空气。生态系统管理一直是控制病媒和为人类福祉创造适宜栖息地的关键手段。本文确定了影响人类健康的环境因素网络。还讨论了土地利用和健康转型的制度和政策问题。
