Bowen Scott E, Charlesworth Jonathan D, Tokarz Mary E, Wright M Jerry, Wiley Jenny L
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2007 Nov-Dec;29(6):599-606. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2007.08.001. Epub 2007 Aug 17.
Volatile organic solvent (inhalant) abuse continues to be a major health concern throughout the world. Of particular concern is the abuse of inhalants by adolescents because of its toxicity and link to illicit drug use. Toluene, which is found in many products such as glues and household cleaners, is among the most commonly abused organic solvents. While studies have assessed outcomes of exposure to inhalants in adult male animals, there is little research on the neurobehavioral effects of inhalants in female or younger animals. In attempt to address these shortcomings, we exposed male and female Long-Evans rats to 20 min of 0, 2000, 4000, or 8000 parts per million (ppm) inhaled toluene for 10 days in rats aged postnatal (PN) day 28-39 (adolescent), PN44-PN55, or >PN70 (adult). Animals were observed individually in 29-l transparent glass cylindrical jars equipped with standard photocells that were used to measure locomotor activity. Toluene significantly increased activity as compared to air exposure in all groups of male and female rats with the magnitude of locomotor stimulation produced by 4000 ppm toluene being significantly greater for female adults than during any age of adolescence. The results demonstrate that exposure to abuse patterns of high concentrations of toluene through inhalation can alter spontaneous locomotor behavior in rats and that the expression of these effects appears to depend upon the postnatal age of testing and sex of the animal.
挥发性有机溶剂（吸入剂）滥用仍是全球主要的健康问题。特别令人担忧的是青少年对吸入剂的滥用，因为其具有毒性且与非法药物使用有关。甲苯存在于许多产品中，如胶水和家用清洁剂，是最常被滥用的有机溶剂之一。虽然已有研究评估成年雄性动物接触吸入剂的后果，但关于吸入剂对雌性或幼年动物神经行为影响的研究却很少。为了弥补这些不足，我们将出生后（PN）第28 - 39天（青少年期）、PN44 - PN55天或大于PN70天（成年期）的雄性和雌性Long - Evans大鼠暴露于浓度为0、2000、4000或8000 ppm的吸入甲苯中20分钟，持续10天。动物被单独放置在29升的透明玻璃圆柱形罐中，罐中配备有用于测量运动活动的标准光电管。与空气暴露相比，甲苯显著增加了所有组雄性和雌性大鼠的活动，4000 ppm甲苯产生的运动刺激程度在成年雌性大鼠中比在任何青少年期都显著更大。结果表明，通过吸入接触高浓度甲苯的滥用模式可改变大鼠的自发运动行为，且这些影响的表现似乎取决于测试时的出生后年龄和动物的性别。
