Talasz H, Himmer-Perschak G, Marth E, Fischer-Colbrie J, Hoefner E, Lechleitner M
Department for Internal Medicine, Hospital Hochzirl, 6170 Zirl, Austria.
Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2008 Jan;19(1):131-5. doi: 10.1007/s00192-007-0404-y. Epub 2007 Sep 18.
Despite an increasing clinical interest in female pelvic floor function, there is a lack of data with respect to the knowledge of average adult women about the physiological role of the pelvic floor and their ability to contract pelvic floor muscles (PFM) voluntarily. It was the aim of our study to evaluate the percentage of PFM dysfunction in adult women and the impact of risk factors, such as age, body mass index (BMI), number of children delivered, and the influence of previous PFM training. A total of 343 Austrian adult women (mean age, 41.2 +/- 14.6 years; range, 18-79 years), selected at random, were examined to test their ability to contract the PFM. The examination was carried out by three independent gynecologists during the course of a routine gynecological visit. The ability to contract the PFM voluntarily or involuntarily was assessed by digital intravaginal palpation with the patients in a supine position. The muscle strength was graded according to the Modified Oxford Grading Scale by Laycock. A high percentage (44.9%) of the women was not able to voluntarily perform a normal PFM contraction. In only 26.5%, an involuntary contraction of the pelvic floor was present before an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The inability to contract the PFM did not correlate with women's age but revealed a weak relationship with the number of childbirths and the patient's BMI. A significant correlation was found between the Oxford Grading Scale rating and the patient's report about previous PFM training.
尽管临床对女性盆底功能的兴趣日益增加，但关于成年女性对盆底生理作用的了解以及她们自主收缩盆底肌肉（PFM）能力的数据却很匮乏。我们研究的目的是评估成年女性中PFM功能障碍的百分比以及年龄、体重指数（BMI）、分娩子女数等风险因素的影响，还有既往PFM训练的影响。随机选取了343名奥地利成年女性（平均年龄41.2±14.6岁；范围18 - 79岁），检查她们收缩PFM的能力。检查由三名独立的妇科医生在常规妇科检查过程中进行。通过让患者仰卧位进行阴道内指诊来评估自主或非自主收缩PFM的能力。肌肉力量根据Laycock的改良牛津分级量表进行分级。有很高比例（44.9%）的女性无法自主进行正常的PFM收缩。只有26.5%的女性在腹内压升高前存在盆底非自主收缩。无法收缩PFM与女性年龄无关，但与分娩次数和患者BMI存在微弱关联。牛津分级量表评分与患者关于既往PFM训练的报告之间存在显著相关性。
