Triebskorn Rita, Telcean Ilie, Casper Heidi, Farkas Anna, Sandu Cristina, Stan Gheorghe, Colărescu Ovidiu, Dori Tiberiu, Köhler Heinz-R
Steinbeis-Transfer Center for Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology, Blumenstr. 13, 72108 Rottenburg, Germany.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Jun;141(1-3):177-88. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-9886-9. Epub 2007 Sep 18.
As a part of an exposure and effect monitoring conducted along the river Mureş, Western Romania in 2004, the health status of two indigenous fish species, sneep (Chondrostoma nasus) and European chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was investigated upstream and downstream the city of Arad. In fish, histopathology was assessed in liver and gills, and heavy metals (cadmium, copper, lead and zinc) were analyzed in liver samples. In both fish species, histopathological reactions in the gills (epithelial lifting, focal proliferation of epithelial cells of primary and secondary lamellae and resulting fusion of secondary lamellae, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of mucous cells, focal inflammation and necrosis of epithelial cells) were most severe at the two sampling sites upstream Arad city, which were shown to be polluted by copper, cadmium, faecal coliforms and streptococci in a parallel study. At these two sites, also histopathology in the liver of L. cephalus was more prominent than at the two downstream sites. In C. nasus, symptoms in the liver (focal inflammation with lymphocytic infiltrations, macrophage aggregates and single cell necrosis) were also highly pronounced at the sampling site located directly downstream the municipal sewage treatment plant of Arad. With the exception of copper accumulation in L. cephalus caught at the most upstream sampling site, in both fish species cadmium and copper accumulation were exceptionally high and did not differ significantly between the four sampling sites.
作为2004年在罗马尼亚西部穆列什河沿岸进行的暴露与影响监测的一部分，对阿拉德市上下游的两种本地鱼类——多瑙哲罗鱼（Chondrostoma nasus）和欧洲圆腹雅罗鱼（Leuciscus cephalus）的健康状况进行了调查。对鱼类的肝脏和鳃进行了组织病理学评估，并对肝脏样本中的重金属（镉、铜、铅和锌）进行了分析。在这两种鱼类中，鳃的组织病理学反应（上皮细胞隆起、初级和次级鳃小片上皮细胞的局灶性增殖以及由此导致的次级鳃小片融合、黏液细胞增生和肥大、上皮细胞的局灶性炎症和坏死）在阿拉德市上游的两个采样点最为严重，在一项平行研究中，这两个采样点被证明受到铜、镉、粪大肠菌群和链球菌的污染。在这两个采样点，欧洲圆腹雅罗鱼肝脏的组织病理学变化也比下游的两个采样点更为明显。在多瑙哲罗鱼中，位于阿拉德市污水处理厂正下游的采样点肝脏症状（伴有淋巴细胞浸润、巨噬细胞聚集和单细胞坏死的局灶性炎症）也非常明显。除了在最上游采样点捕获的欧洲圆腹雅罗鱼体内有铜蓄积外，在这两种鱼类中，镉和铜的蓄积都异常高，且在四个采样点之间没有显著差异。
