Rodrigues Fábio, Lehmann Maurício, do Amaral Viviane Souza, Reguly Maria Luíza, de Andrade Heloísa Helena Rodrigues
Laboratório da Toxicidade Genética - TOXIGEN, Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA/Canoas, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2007 Oct;48(8):644-9. doi: 10.1002/em.20332.
Antiseptic mouthwashes used in biofilm control are widely available in the marketplace, despite inconsistent data concerning their genetic and cellular toxicity. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic potential of three antiseptics currently used for odontologic treatment, Cepacol (containing cetylpyridinium chloride), Periogard (chlorhexidine digluconate), and Plax (triclosan). Genotoxicity was evaluated using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster, employing flies having normal bioactivation (the standard cross) and flies with increased cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation capacity (the high bioactivation cross). Periogard and Plax produced negative responses in both types of flies; however, Cepacol (75 and 100%) produced positive responses in both the standard and high bioactivation assays, with the genotoxic responses mainly due to the induction of mitotic recombination. Assays performed with ethanol and cetylpirydinium chloride, two major ingredients of Cepacol, indicated that the genotoxicity of the mouthwash is likely to be due to ethanol.
尽管关于生物膜控制中使用的抗菌漱口水的遗传和细胞毒性数据不一致，但它们在市场上仍广泛可得。在本研究中，我们调查了目前用于牙科治疗的三种抗菌剂的遗传毒性潜力，即西吡氯铵含漱液（含西吡氯铵）、派丽奥（葡萄糖酸洗必泰）和必速（三氯生）。使用果蝇的体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）评估遗传毒性，采用具有正常生物活化能力的果蝇（标准杂交）和细胞色素P450依赖性生物转化能力增强的果蝇（高生物活化杂交）。派丽奥和必速在两种类型的果蝇中均产生阴性反应；然而，西吡氯铵含漱液（75%和100%）在标准和高生物活化试验中均产生阳性反应，遗传毒性反应主要归因于有丝分裂重组的诱导。用西吡氯铵含漱液的两种主要成分乙醇和西吡氯铵进行的试验表明，漱口水的遗传毒性可能归因于乙醇。
