Edwards S
Veterinary Laboratories Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
Rev Sci Tech. 2007 Aug;26(2):373-8.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), sets out international standards for vaccines in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (mammals, birds and bees). The texts are drafted by experts then sent for scientific peer review and for comment by all OIE Member Countries, thus achieving a consensus at the point of adoption. Introductory chapters in the Terrestrial Manual provide general principles of laboratory management and vaccine production, and disease-specific chapters provide detailed standards for vaccines for the OIE listed diseases. Issues that the OIE Biological Standards Commission are currently addressing or will address in the near future include the matching of vaccine strains to currently circulating infectious agents, the use of companion diagnostic tests to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, the development of vaccine banks, and the application of DNA technology to vaccine design and production.
世界动物卫生组织（OIE）在《陆生动物诊断试验和疫苗手册》（针对哺乳动物、鸟类和蜜蜂）中制定了疫苗的国际标准。文本由专家起草，然后送交科学同行评审并征求所有OIE成员国的意见，从而在通过时达成共识。《陆生手册》的介绍性章节提供了实验室管理和疫苗生产的一般原则，而针对特定疾病的章节则为OIE所列疾病的疫苗提供了详细标准。OIE生物标准委员会目前正在处理或不久的将来将要处理的问题包括使疫苗株与当前流行的感染因子相匹配、使用配套诊断试验来区分感染动物和接种疫苗的动物、疫苗库的开发以及DNA技术在疫苗设计和生产中的应用。
