Howe Mark L
Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
Psychol Sci. 2007 Oct;18(10):856-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01991.x.
Eight- and 12-year-old children were presented with neutral and negative emotional Deese-Roediger-McDermott lists equated on familiarity and associative strength. Both recall and recognition (A') measures were obtained. Recall measures exhibited the usual age increments in true and false recollection. True neutral items were better recalled and recognized than true negative emotional items. Although the children showed more false recall for neutral than for negative emotional lists, false recognition was higher for negative emotional than for neutral items. A' analyses also showed that whereas true neutral information and false neutral information were easily discriminated by children regardless of age, the same was not the case for true and false negative emotional information. Together, these results suggest that although children may be able to censor negative emotional information at recall, such information promotes relational processing in children's memory, making true and false emotional information less discriminable overall.
研究人员向8岁和12岁的儿童呈现了在熟悉度和联想强度上相等的中性和负面情绪的迪斯-罗迪格-麦克德莫特列表。同时获得了回忆和识别（A'）测量结果。回忆测量显示，在真实和错误回忆方面，通常存在年龄增长差异。真实的中性项目比真实的负面情绪项目更容易被回忆和识别。尽管儿童对中性列表的错误回忆比对负面情绪列表的更多，但负面情绪项目的错误识别比中性项目更高。A'分析还表明，无论年龄大小，儿童都能轻松区分真实的中性信息和错误的中性信息，但对于真实和错误的负面情绪信息则并非如此。综合来看，这些结果表明，尽管儿童在回忆时可能能够审查负面情绪信息，但此类信息会促进儿童记忆中的关系处理，使得真实和错误的情绪信息总体上更难区分。
