Bookbinder S H, Brainerd C J
Department of Human Development and Institute of Human Neuroscience, Cornell University.
Emotion. 2017 Feb;17(1):102-119. doi: 10.1037/emo0000171. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
In prior work on how true and false memory are influenced by emotion, valence and arousal have often been conflated. Thus, it is difficult to say which specific effects are caused by valence and which are caused by arousal. In the present research, we used a picture-memory paradigm that allowed emotional valence to be manipulated with arousal held constant. Negatively valenced pictures elevated both true and false memory, relative to positive and neutral pictures. Conjoint recognition modeling revealed that negative valence (a) reduced erroneous suppression of true memories and (b) increased the familiarity of the semantic content of both true and false memories. Overall, negative valence impaired the verbatim side of episodic memory but enhanced the gist side, and these effects persisted even after a week-long delay. (PsycINFO Database Record
在先前关于真假记忆如何受情绪影响的研究中，效价和唤醒常常被混为一谈。因此，很难说哪些特定影响是由效价引起的，哪些是由唤醒引起的。在本研究中，我们使用了一种图片记忆范式，该范式能够在保持唤醒恒定的情况下操纵情绪效价。与正性和中性图片相比，负性效价图片提高了真实记忆和错误记忆。联合识别模型显示，负性效价（a）减少了对真实记忆的错误抑制，（b）增加了真实记忆和错误记忆语义内容的熟悉度。总体而言，负性效价损害了情景记忆的逐字记录方面，但增强了要点方面，并且即使在长达一周的延迟后，这些影响仍然存在。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
