Doshi Vatsal, Ying-Lai Mei, Azen Stanley P, Varma Rohit
Doheny Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033-9224, USA.
Ophthalmology. 2008 Apr;115(4):639-647.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.05.032. Epub 2007 Sep 27.
To evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic, family history, and lifestyle risk factors and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) in Latinos.
Population-based cohort study.
Latinos 40 years and older from 6 census tracts in La Puente, California.
Participants underwent an in-home interview and in-clinic examination. Demographic, lifestyle, and family history variables were analyzed as risk factors using multivariable regression models to identify independent associations with OAG or OHT.
Open-angle glaucoma and OHT.
Two hundred eighty-nine participants were diagnosed as having OAG, 219 were found to have OHT, and 5624 persons had no evidence of either OAG or OHT. After adjustment for intraocular pressure, stepwise logistic regression analyses revealed that older age, male gender, unmarried marital status, and being a first-degree relative were independent risk factors for OAG. For age, the relative risk doubled with each decade. Males and unmarried participants had a higher risk of having glaucoma than females and those who were married (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-2.30, and OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.87, respectively). A positive family history of glaucoma in first-degree relatives was a risk factor for OAG (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.25-2.94). Smoking, alcohol use, and female reproductive hormone use were not associated with OAG. Additionally, increasing age, Native American ancestry, unemployed status, and family history of glaucoma were found to be independent factors for increased risk of OHT.
Although the mechanisms whereby age and family history lead to increased risk are partly understood, further study is needed to understand the biological significance of the other demographic risk factors identified such as male gender and unmarried status.
评估拉丁裔人群的社会人口统计学、家族史和生活方式风险因素与开角型青光眼（OAG）和高眼压症（OHT）之间的关系。
基于人群的队列研究。
来自加利福尼亚州拉蓬特6个人口普查区的40岁及以上拉丁裔。
参与者接受了家庭访谈和门诊检查。使用多变量回归模型分析人口统计学、生活方式和家族史变量作为风险因素，以确定与OAG或OHT的独立关联。
开角型青光眼和高眼压症。
289名参与者被诊断为患有OAG，219名被发现患有OHT，5624人没有OAG或OHT的证据。在调整眼压后，逐步逻辑回归分析显示，年龄较大、男性、未婚婚姻状况以及是一级亲属是OAG的独立风险因素。对于年龄，每增加一个十年相对风险就会加倍。男性和未婚参与者患青光眼的风险高于女性和已婚者（优势比[OR]分别为1.73；95%置信区间[CI]为1.30 - 2.30，以及OR为1.39；95%CI为1.03 - 1.87）。一级亲属中有青光眼的阳性家族史是OAG的一个风险因素（OR为1.92；95%CI为1.25 - 2.94）。吸烟、饮酒和使用女性生殖激素与OAG无关。此外，年龄增长、美洲原住民血统、失业状况和青光眼家族史被发现是OHT风险增加的独立因素。
尽管年龄和家族史导致风险增加的机制已部分为人所知，但需要进一步研究以了解所确定的其他人口统计学风险因素（如男性性别和未婚状况）的生物学意义。
